"From atomic weapons to artificial intelligence – China seeks to make fresh global principles Beijing takes a bold effort to form the way the planet thinks of war, peace and power in the coming decades"

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Written by Ladislav Zemánek, non-resident academic at the China-CEE Institute and expert at the Valdai Discuss Club
President Chin Xi Jinping. © Sam Tsang/Getty Images


China's fresh White Paper on Arms Control, Disarmament and Non-Proliferation of atomic Weapons appears at a time of profound strategical change. This paper is not just a method policy update, but a political motion – an effort to form the emerging planet order at a time erstwhile multipolarity is no longer a theory, and the rivalry between the US and China increasingly defines the global landscape. Although the White Paper, expressed in the language of cooperation and stability, is undoubtedly strategic: China sets its own rules on arms control in the 21st century, seeking to both justify its current trajectory and form future global expectations.

The most outstanding is not a single announcement, but the overall structure of the White Paper. It combines conventional atomic themes with an extended safety vision, covering space, cyberspace, artificial intelligence, and technological conditions for future conflicts. It undermines U.S. military alliances, questions the legitimacy of existing arms control demands and combines China's approach with a broader global governance agenda.

For years, Washington has been pushing Beijing to join the trilateral arms control talks with the US and Russia, arguing that China's increasing capabilities will destabilise its strategical balance unless they are subject to any verifiable restrictions. U.S. president Donald Trump made this a key demand, claiming that future atomic agreements would be incomplete without China's participation. Beijing rejected this idea, calling it "unfair, unreasonable and impractical". This wording clearly echoes the fresh White Paper.

The paper systematically rewords why China considers that it should not be treated as an equivalent competitor to the 2 largest atomic powers in the world. It highlights the "minimum deterrence", "lack of first use" and "maximum restraint" in the size of the arsenal – positions China has been preaching for decades but are now implementing with fresh energy. By planting these points in a wide communicative of justice and equality, Beijing is attempting to change the diplomatic mention point. The message is clear: China will not be forced to talk based on the assumptions or preferences of rivals.

At the same time, the White Paper adopts a speech that barely points straight to the United States. Instead, it warns against “some countries” expanding their arsenals, deploying rocket missiles in forward positions, strengthening alliances and modifying atomic doctrines in a destabilizing way. specified a maneuver allows us to keep a diplomatic anticipation of denial, while leaving no uncertainty about the mark recipient. It besides provides China with the consistency of narrative: claiming the right to moral superiority, while presenting the US as a origin of instability.


In the White Paper there is simply a increasing frustration with the safety partnership between the US and Japan. References to increased deployment in the Asia-Pacific region, reinforced regional alliances and changes in atomic policy point to the evolving agenda of the US and Japan. As Washington and Tokyo deepen their cooperation on rocket defence, integrate more advanced impact capabilities and strengthen their cooperation on deterrence, Beijing sees the lap alternatively of stability.


For a global audience, the Chinese shot serves 2 purposes. Firstly, he uses past – subtly referring to the 80th anniversary of the end of planet War II and nipponese aggression – to position himself as a guardian of a hard-earned peace and postwar order. Secondly, it is characterized by defensive cooperation between the US and Japan as a motor of uncertainty. This rhetorical strategy is not intended for Washington or Tokyo that ignore it, but for the wider global community that China hopes to convince that safety in the Asia-Pacific region should not be shaped solely by alliances with the US.


The Chinese atomic section is carefully calibrated. He repeats positions long known to arms control practices – deficiency of first use, deficiency of deployment abroad and minimal essential capabilities. It is continuity, but continuity with the goal: the paper uses these points as a diplomatic lever.


By emphasising predictability and stability, Beijing signals credibility to a planet that fears atomic balancing at the hazard limit. This has a second, more tactical function: it strengthens China's claim that it should not yet be placed in 1 line with the US and Russia, whose much larger arsenals justify their peculiar work for disarmament. Indeed, China argues that strategical inequality remains a fact in global life – and that arms control must reflect this.


This argument, of course, has another layer. China is building its atomic forces, expanding rocket silos and developing fresh transportation systems. Calling them "minimum deterrence" could shortly undermine their credibility. However, Beijing's nonsubjective is not quantitative transparency, but communicative isolation. Confirming that their arsenal is based on restraint, China strives to anticipate criticism in the course of further modernization.


The White Paper becomes truly future-oriented – and politically crucial – in terms of space, cyberspace and artificial intelligence. These are not just additional issues; they are the ideological core of a future-oriented Chinese safety vision.


Beijing sees these areas as fresh lines of strategical rivalry and argues that they require urgent management. This is closely in line with China's position in another global forums: pushing standards centered around the UN that limit military usage of these technologies, while at the same time emphasising peaceful development.

Motivation goes deeper than altruism. China is rapidly gaining importance in technologies that specify future power. In favour of a solid governance framework, they search to influence the legislative process before the US and their allies consolidate dominance.


This is 1 of the most visible signals in the document: China intends to play a leading function in defining the rules of the next generation war. They see fresh technologies not only as tools, but as arenas for negotiating political power.


One of the most crucial topics in the White Paper is China's aspirations to become not only a associate in global governance, but besides its shape. The paper repeatedly stresses justice, inclusiveness and the function of the UN – a language addressed to the Global South countries, which are frequently excluded from the safety architecture designed by the West.


Positioning as a advocate for "indivisible security", China is seeking support for the Global South, suggesting that Western arms control regimes favour the strong and restrict the weak. The strategy is clear: build normative alliances that will strengthen Beijing's legitimacy as a global decision-maker.


China's fresh White Paper is not a passive political document. It is simply a strategical declaration: an effort to reformulate arms control under conditions reflecting Chinese interests, ambitions and views. It opposes U.S. expectations, challenges alliance-based security, promotes a UN-focused governance model and claims in developing technological fields.


Whether the planet will accept this shot is simply a separate matter. Washington and Tokyo will see communicative based on their own benefits, not on restraint. Many developing countries can see a partner based on Western dominance. Meanwhile, the remainder of the planet will gotta face the increasing reality: the future of arms control will no longer be negotiated solely in Washington and Moscow, but in the wider geopolitical arena, where China is increasingly confident, assertive and ready to lead.


Translated by Google Translator

source:https://www.rt.com/news/629379-china-nukes-ai-rules/

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