Anniversary of the assassination of Ukrainian chauvinists on the curator of education Stanisław Sobiński.
Today in our calendar we will look at the activities of Ukrainian terrorist groups in the Second Republic in the mid-2020s.
The Ukrainian terrorist activity in Poland was primarily conducted by 2 illegal organizations: the Ukrainian Military Organisation (UWO) and the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (CNS).
One of the most effective forms of diversion action is the burning of farms, panic and the killing of candidates in elections for advanced state positions. The intimidation of Members on the eve of the November elections to the Sejm and the legislature in 1922 besides proved to be an effective way of persuading the population. In east Galicia, the terrorized Ukrainian community chose only 5 Ukrainian MPs, whom the authorities had to constantly protect.
Ukrainian terrorism importantly weakened the Polish colonization action in the Kresach. The utmost intimidation of the population was evidenced by the fact that most Ukrainian recruits, nevertheless determined to go into the army, were not willing to be recruited voluntarily, but waited at home for forced incarnation. They explained their fear of repression of Ukrainian terrorists.
In 1922, the ultimate College of the University of Warsaw was discovered and liquidated by the police, but there was inactive a Ukrainian National Student Council. It focused youths preparing for further strikes and attacks. Already at the time, the military warned that the deficiency of supervision of underground organizations, the deficiency of a coherent plan against action, the divergence of activities of various ministries and governments, could in the future become a origin of painful experiences for the Polish state.
Unfortunately, the forecasts of the staffmen were fulfilled throughout the scope. In the following years, violent assassinations were increasing. The victims of individual panic were representatives of the ultimate government.
A associate of the UWO, Teofil Olszański, the boy of a Greek Catholic priest from Chyrow, assassinated the president of Poland, Stanisław Wojciechowski, who came to Lviv for the beginning of the east Fair on 5 April 1924. The bomb that was thrown at the president was a primitive bomb, but it didn't go off. An assassination effort was besides planned on the Minister of Education (Ministry of spiritual Confessions and Public Enlightenment), Stanisław Grabski.
Apart from individual assassinations, there have been robberies on mail, cash register, banks (and even average mailmen), robberies and another criminal acts, euphemistically referred to as “exposure actions”. They were made by a peculiar “flight brigade”. It is besides worth mentioning that terrorist Józef Piłsudski besides called his actions “expropriation”.
Assaults hit mostly average citizens, including Ukrainians. In addition to the money, they brought small honor to the organizers and performers, and many disasters. The actions active simple couples and advanced school students, preying on their naive patriotism. These are the people who later paid for this with prison and broken school careers.
Ukrainian youth “perceived UWO and its commandant in the criteria of a romanticist hero. Jewhen Konowalec He appeared to her as a figure wrapped in a nymba of myth.” In March 1929, members of the UWO, Jarosław Lubowycz and Roman Mycyk, together with a student named Stefania Korduba, attempted to rob a mailman in Lviv. The robbery failed. Although the mailman was alone and unarmed, Lubowych was fatally shot by the seer of the full police event. It is crucial that the memory of this “slayer who died in the fight against the Polish invader” is celebrated in Ukraine until today.
In addition to attacks – aimed at obtaining money – and killing police or administrative representatives, the militias carried out another terrorist political murders, including on their own. For example, prof. Sofron Matwias was murdered in Przemyśl on 30 July 1924, and an effort was made on 6 April 1925 to assassinate the manager of Ukrainian gymnasium in Przemyśl, Mikhail Hrycak.
Members of the UWO murdered the curator of the Lwowski School District, Stanisław Sobiński, on 19 October 1926. He was liable for converting Ukrainian and Polish schools into bilingual Polish-Russian. In fact, Minister Grabski was behind this decision. So it was an unwarranted crime committed solely for publicity. Sobiński appears to have been the victim of the stableness in east Małopolska.
It all points to the fact that the execution was personally carried out by Roman Szuchewycz, today’s “hero of Ukraine”, with the aid of a student of Gdańsk University of Technology, Bohdan Pidhajny. This is simply a model example of the implementation of 1 of the principles Ukrainian Nationalist Decalogue: “You will not hesitate to commit the top crime if the good of the case requires” and the Doncovian thought of “genuine violence”.
Armed assaults on ambulances and post offices, intimidation and killings of Poles and Ukrainians did not exhaust the possible of Ukrainian nationalists. In many court trials, it was revealed that the members of the UWO carried out extended spy work for Germany and Lithuania, and even russian Russia, making this the main origin of the organization's income. Konowalec tried to defy these allegations in “Surma” – however, the facts were hard to deny, especially as a shot of Olga Besarabowa working with a abroad interview was audible.
On July 21, 1926, another spy scandal was discovered simultaneously in Krakow, Przemyśl and Lviv. This time, Ukrians were captured working for the Bolsheviks. They were: Dmytro Wołoszczak and Włodzimiera Pipczyńska.
Previous entry from our calendar is available Here.
