ANNO DOMINI 2025 answer OF ANNO DOMINI 2025 net AND THE QUESTION " IS THE LOVES POLISH OR UKRAINISH?"

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ANNO DOMINI 2025’S NON-COUNTING net LYING

REPLY OF ANNO DOMINI 2025 AND QUESTION

"Is Lions Polish or UKRAIN?".

Lviv is simply a Ukrainian city, which is the capital of the Lviv region. Although Lviv has a rich past related to Poland and was erstwhile a large centre of Polish culture and identity, it is now part of Ukraine and is mostly inhabited by the Ukrainian population.

IT'S LEVEL HISTORY

Lions of the bottom and of the bottom

Lviv lies in the territory of the alleged Czerwieński Grodów, which according to the oldest chronicler, the chronicler of Russian Nestor from 981 - Włodzimierz Wielki has taken over in Poles.

In this chronicle there is the first mention of the areas where the Lviv were founded: “Włodzimierz went to Lachów and took over the castles of their Przemysl, Red, and another multiple caves which are inactive under Rusia.”

Since then, this land has belonged to the Russian princes for a long time, although it has frequently passed into Polish rule, either straight behind Bolesław Chrobry and Bolesław Śmieł, or indirectly, as the lenna of Poland, as for Leszek Bielego.

She sometimes became dependent on Hungary (Bela and Koloman) and since 1239 became a lord state of Tatar Khans, from which only Kazimierz the large freed her.

The past of the city in the times of the Russian princes is not precisely known. Given that the grounds on which the town was founded were indigenously Polish, the prince of the Russian Lion, the boy of the prince of Przemysl Danila, founded them around the year 1250.

The past of Lviv was stormy and volatile.

Over the course of more than 750 years of history, the city and its surrounding land have changed political affiliation many times. From its founding until 1939, erstwhile it entered the Ukrainian Socialist russian Republic, it went under various reigns, Russian, Lithuanian, Hungarian, Austrian, Polish, Russian, Ukrainian, and again Polish.

They lasted longer, or shorter, various besides left traces in the population composition of the city, in its language, culture, buildings. Lviv did not lose his Polishness. It is adequate to visit the unique architectural splendor of many sacral buildings, to look at the monumental sequences of old Lviv townhouses, to walk through the streets of Lviv, looking at indigenously Polish names before 1939. All you gotta do is look at medieval city walls, Arsenal and Ashtva Prochowa, Teatr Wielki i Skarbkowski, Halicki Square and Wałowa Street, Wała Hetmanskie Street and Legionów Street, Mound of the Lublin Union, monument of Adam Mickiewicz on Mariacki Square.

All you request to do is go through the Lvov Cemetery and its integral part - the Lvov Defenders Cemetery to perceive to the heroic rhythm of the hearts of the Lvov Defenders, the Lvov Orląts, including the youngest thirteen-year-old Orlątka Antosi Petrykiewicz and the small older Jurek Bitschan.

Antoni Petrykiewicz (born 1905, born 16 January 1919 in Lviv) is simply a Polish student, 1 of the Orląts of Lviv, a associate in the fight in the defence of Lviv in 1918, the youngest in Polish history, fourteen-year-old Orlątok of Lviv - bachelor of the Order of Virtuti Militari.

The First Marshal of Poland Józef Piłsudski gave him the posthumous Silver Cross of the Order of Virtuti Militari and he remains the youngest bachelor of this order to this day.

Antoni Petrykiewicz was a second-class student of Lviv mediate School. From the beginning of November 1918, he participated in dense fighting over the Lviv against the Ukrainians. He fought in the ward of the “Straights” later General Roman Abraham. He was severely injured defending the "Death Reducts" on Persenko. He died at the infirmary at Lviv University of Technology on 16 January 1919. General Roman Abraham writes this in 1 of his works: "...in my branch of the “Mountains of Losing” he fought since the first days of November, pupils of the 2nd grade junior advanced school, St. In combat, he was relentless. Severely wounded at Persenkówka on 23 December 1918, he died of injuries at the infirmary at the Polytechnique. For his individual courage he was awarded the Virtuti Military Cross. He was the youngest bachelor in the full army of this ultimate war honour."

Antoni Petrykiewicz was buried in catacombs at the Lwów Defenders Cemetery.

Henryk Zbierchowski about Antosi Petrykiewicz

In memory of that small soldier,
Who saved the Lions.
For Poland's glory:
A hat bigger than the head,
Under which you can see a burning hair.
And on an extended uniform
Like a large brother.
On a patch,
A gap in the hole.

It is besides adequate to bow your heads over the graves of Artur Grotger, Maria Konopnicka, Julian Konstanty Ordon, Gabriela Zapolskia, Seweryn Goszczyński, Stefan Banach, Karol Szajnochy, Władysław Bełza, or Lusi Zarembianki, or over the symbolic grave of Miss Franciszka - the daughter of the butcher, immortalized in the song "all of Lviv".

It is adequate to mention celebrated Polish lions specified as General Władysław Anders, Teodor Axentowicz, prof. Kazimierz Bartl, Gen. Józef Bem, Gen. Tadeusz Bor Komorowski, Marian Hemar, Zbigniew Herbert, Maria Konopnicka, Julian Kossak, Piotr Skarga, president R. P. Prof. Ignacy Mościcki, Józef Maximilian Ossoliński, Leopold Staff, Szczepcia and Tońcia (Kazimierz Waja and Henryk Vogelfänger), Wacław Kuchar, Tadeusz Sygietyński. The painting of today's Lviv is as Polish as the Polish earth all that is called Polish. According to Wikipedia, celebrated lions besides include:

Irena Heir
Jacek Kuron
Wanda Vasilewska

About their bios in a minute.

The current Ukrainian administration is trying to enter the Lviv scenery supposedly the ancient Ukrainian roots of this city, or trying to cover the traces of the Polishness of Lviv. This task is both impertinent and impossible, including desecrating objects of worship, or the Polish national tradition.

At the Łychakovsky Cemetery, many Polish tombs with "powers of law" are violated for their burial of Ukrainians. So it destroys in these tombs the previously existing spiritual and ancestral insignia, in the form of historical sculptures, reliefs (reliefs), etching and lithographic art, introducing inscriptions of the dead, in Ukrainian and frequently Orthodox crosses and "old lithographs" of Ukrainian people buried there.

On the facades of many Lviv historical buildings there are cast-iron reliefs informing in Ukrainian about the age of the monument, without information about the Polish origin of the building.

On the facades of the Lviv Roman churches. – cat. The reliefs study the age of the Orthodox church.
A relief made on the facade of the Polish school of St Mary Magdalene commemorating Roman Szuchewicz – “Taras Czuprinka” – the organizer of the Ukrainian - Nazi battalion “Nachtigall”.

The relief says: "Hi to UPA associate Gen. Roman Szuchewicz "Taras Czuprinka". The school chief didn't protest. "Czuprynka" was shot in the back of his head in 1926 at the Green Street in Lviv by the first curator of the land of Lviv Stanisław Sobiński. "Czuprynka" held the position of OUN-UPA combat referee.

The activity of the OUN directed from abroad during the interwar period consisted of terrorist and sabotage acts directed against the Polish reason for the state. Among another things, Polish land estates located in the Borders of the South-East II Republic were destroyed.

Taras Czuprynka was 1 of the organizers of the assassinations of MP Tadeusz Hołówka - a typical of the Ministry of abroad Affairs, murdered in Strawberry in 1930, Bronisław Pieracki - Minister of the Interior, and a number of police officers.

The strategical goal of the maximum Ukrainian nationalism is to build the Ukrainian Empire and grow indefinitely. This is due to the construction of a one-national (sobor) Ukrainian state in all Ukrainian ethnographic territories. At the same time, membership of the Ukrainian ethnographic territory of the CNS shall be arbitrary:

It is simply a state area of 1,200,000 square kilometers, ranging from Krynica in Kraków to the borders of Chechnya in the east. According to the CNS assessments, the territories presently belonging to Poland (Podlasie, Chełmszczyzna, Lemkowszczyzna, Nadsanie) are to be included in the current Ukrainian state.
(according to Viktor Polyszczuk "Lucocide Awarded"-Toronto 2003 - Oakville, ON, Canada, L6J 6S7).

During the war and business 1939 - 1945 Kraków became the office of the CNS. The Ukrainian Central Committee (UCK) was established in April 1940. UCK was funded from the Abwehr's cash registry (Diversely Sabotage Wehrmacht Headquarters).

Stepan Bandera co-participants of murders about which above – the OUN "leader" took part in the creation of 2 battalions – "Nachtigall" and "Roland". These battalions played an appropriate function in the proclamation by the CNS Bandery of the "Ukrainian State" in 1941.

On the battalion "Nachtigal" (Słowiki) there is simply a charge of complicity in the arrest and execution on 4 July 1941 on the slopes of Kadecka Mountain – Wulecki Hills 45 professors of Lviv universities.

OUN Bandery activists proclaimed "the Ukrainian state" on 30 June 1941, thus putting the Germans before the fact made. Another past of the "new Ukrainian state", the establishment of the Ukrainian SS - Galizien require separate development.

Here we should remember the "Livow Weddings" of King Jan Kazimierz. The event that took place on 1 April 1656 in the cathedral of Lviv was a fact that had no precedent in the past of Europe. On that day, during the solemn Mass in the cathedral of Lviv in the presence of senators, bishops, nobles and large crowds of average people, King John Casimir - having first performed the coronation of Our woman on the Queen of the Polish CORON - kneeled before the image of Our woman of Grace and said the following words:

"Great Humanity of the Divine parent and the Virgin! I, John Casimir, thy Son, the King of kings and my Lord, and thy loving kindness, unto thy most holy feet, cometh, behold, I make this confederacy: I do thee for my Patron and my Queen's State today. Me, my Kingdom Polish, Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Russian, Prussian, Mazovian, Żmudzki, Infland, and Chernihovian, the army of both nations and the people of all your peculiar care and defence I recommend, Your aid and mercy in the present affliction of my kingdom against enemies humbly beg."

Jan Kazimierz's vows were faithfully described in "The Flood" by Polish Nobel Prize laureate Henryk Sienkiewicz, and the vow was renewed as the only president of Poland after 1989 by Prof. Lech Kaczyński.

Another "proofing of Ukrainian roots of Lviv" is paid tourist guides in Lviv, representing "historically free Ukraine with its heart of Lviv" in an incredibly primitively lying manner. It is painful that these guides frequently usage blameless Polish, so it is not known whether "educated" are in Poland or "Ukrainian Lviv" itself.

Young participants of the journey from Poland on the territory of the Lviv Defenders Cemetery informed that "here we are at the Siczowy firearm Cemetery". At the request of 1 of the tour participants: “and these crosses to the left in the ranks, what”?

He heard in his reply:

"aw."

It is not surprising, however, that the bishop of the field of the Polish army Mr Tadeusz Płoski himself said, "Here we are on Ukrainian soil" on the day of the beginning of the Lvov Defenders Cemetery. "Curiar Daily" Chicago gave this message in my correspondence with Lviv from August 5 - 7, 2005 entitled "Lviv meetings".

I will besides remind you that as a consequence of the "compromise" the lions with the inscriptions – "Always faithful" "You Polish" – disappeared from the Cemetery of Defenders of Lviv. Outside the protocol, “unknown perpetrators” erased inscriptions in English and French and broke shields with emblems at monuments of the French infantry and the American aviator. It was an apparent diplomatic scandal.

What? And pstro!

No diplomats, no media.

Meanwhile, the media paper 'To the Vilnius of Ukraine' in the issue of June 19, 2001 informs in the title that 'Maty Ivana Paul II buła Ukrainkoju'. Just under the title on the left there is simply a photograph of a female with a baby signed: 'Mary papa trimajejo na ruki', and on the right side of a larger format the photograph was signed: 'Batko and matta papa rymsko'. The photograph shows a wedding photo. The text states that Ukrainian Emilia Kaczorowska and her husband Karol Wojtyła came to Wadowice close Krakow during the war.

Are Kraków and Wadowice, Krynica and Bielsko Biała besides territories of the "independent Ukrainian state"? possibly it's something like the Nazi "General Government"? And who's "General Governor"? Yushchenko or Yakunovych? How about beautiful Julia? "Honor" and "Chrupron" and Bander? How about the resurrected Nachtigall Battalion and SS Galizien? These questions "For the wine of Ukraine" do not answer.

Meanwhile, the Ukrainian paper besides does not inform readers that Emilia of Kaczorowski Wojtylov was born on 26 March 1884 in Biała (part of Bielsko Biała) as the daughter of Felix, a Krakow rhymer and Maria from the home of Scholz, who in turn was the daughter of Kraków's shoemaker. The Kaczorowski household was many - Emilia was born as the 5th of thirteen children. She received her education at the Kraków spiritual school of Sisters of God's Love. Look ]]>http://www.rp.pl/Article/11011280.html?p=3]]>

In order to be clear, the paper besides does not state that Karol Wojtyła - elder was born on 18 July 1879 in Lipnik. Like his father, he was educated as a tailor, but at the age of 21 he was appointed to the Austrian army and remained professional military for the remainder of his life. He served successively in Wadowice , Lviv , Cracow and again in Wadowice .

The parents of the future Polish Pope married in Krakow in 1906, thirteen years lived in Krakow and in 1919 moved from Krakow to Wadowice, where in 1920 Karol Józef - John Paul II was born. most likely besides people born in Lviv are Russians erstwhile in the individual evidence in the box the place of birth - entered in Poland - LWÓW /ZSRR.

It should be remembered that Lviv as the only Polish city was awarded the Virtuti Military Cross/ The ceremony took place on 11 November 1920 in Mariacki Square in Lviv in front of the Adam Mickiewicz monument and the decoration was performed by the Warden of the Polish State Józef Piłsudski. It should besides be remembered that the Sejm of the First Republic by a resolution adopted in 1658 gave the city of Lviv the name "Semper Fidelis Poloniae" (always faithful to Poland).

Famous Lions

The celebrated lions I mentioned include among others.

1. Irena Heir

Journalist with "Golden Microphone", a longtime friend of Józef Cyrankiewicz (this Prime Minister of People's Poland from cutting hands off workers) - revealed as TW - nicknamed "Marlen".

2. WANDA WASILewska

Soviet communist activist and writer. After 17 September 1939, she accepted russian citizenship and moved to Lviv, where she took the lead of a group of Polish and russian communists. With the aid of the Gestapo (!) and the NKVD, she brought the full equipment of her Warsaw flat to Lviv. In 1940, she and Jerzy Putramento founded the literary magazine "New Widnokręgi" with Stalin as the Lviv NKVD jajka created for surveillance of Polish intelligence in Lviv. It was besides the Bolshevik execution camp, headed by Julia Brystygierov ("Krwa Luna"), Colonel NKWD, chief editor of these "New Widnokregs". Stalin's order formed in Lviv a communist “Union of Polish Patriots, to whom she became president. associate of the russian ultimate Council.

3. JACEK KURON

The young Kuron was devoted to the Stalinist thought with his full heart and mind. In advanced school, he was an activist of the Young Fight Union. He shortly became a associate of the school committee of the PZPR territory Committee. He wasn't limited to communist agitation, he convinced his students to study on their parents. What do they say at home? Do they perceive to abroad radio stations? To defend himself against dangerous people he carried a weapon - as he wrote in his memoirs Strumph - Wojtkiewicz .

It should be borne in head that at that time, for the illegal possession of firearms there was a threat of punishment, including the death penalty, and a civilian with firearms, not in the primaries of the state, belonged to the regime's most trusted people. As Kuroni grew older, his interest in what young people did was not lost. Following the “Pedagogical Poem” of Makarenka, he most likely created (reactivated) “Red Scouting” founded by Kuronia “Huffs of Walters”.

The “Red Scouting” of the “Working University Society” operating from 1926 to 1942, a left-wing scouting organization, was created on the initiative of the “Working University Youth Organization (OMTUR).

Members of the organization participated in political actions of the left (e.g. for “Red Spain”). Red Scout activists set themselves the goal of educating young people in the spirit of proletarian (socialistic) ideals. The call of the Red Scouts was the slogan "Be Ready" (instead of "Watching"), reminding of the constant readiness to fight for socialism. Only by name were they scouts, in fact they were Walterists (ideologist - NKWD polytrud Gen. Karol Świerczewski "Walter") or russian pioneers.

Children and youth were completely cut off from the Scouting tradition. The ethical principles of the Scout Service based on the service of "God, Motherland and the Twin" were ridiculed.
Coeducational teams have been introduced. Not only did the youths of the sexes live in their tents together, but they even shared toothbrushes. It taught what actual communism is. Jack Kuronia's subordinates Adam Michnik and Seweryn Blumstein present-day editors "Gazeta Wyborcza" participated in these camps.

The early 1960s bring a slight evolution in Kuronia’s views. He was still, of course, a staunch Marxist, but he began to be fascinated by the variant of communism proposed by Lion Trocki. The court sentenced a recently converted Trotskyist to 3 years in prison. Thus, not the anti-communist community, as many people believe so far, but the origin of court judgments.
Władysław Gomulka's crew made Kuronia a martyr on an global scale. Kuron was released in 1967. However, in opposition to Władysław Gomulka, he continued to Communise strongly.

The time of the Workers' defence Committee is presented present as the top time in Kuronia's life. It is not noted that in his publications from this period there was a request to abandon the sovereignty of the state. safety kept Kuronia's position increasing and becoming meaningful. In Kuronia's apartment, there was a kind of news center for the abroad press. Kuronia's telephone worked without faults. "I besides think that the applicable officers were watching that nothing in his invaluable installation broke" - said Edward Gierek in a conversation with Janusz Rolicki in "A broken decade".

Jacek Kuroń had direct contact with safety since his early youth. First as a young and zealous Stalinist erstwhile he participated in actions organised by UB, later as a combated Trotsky ideologist, to conduct political negotiations with security. erstwhile the PRL ran out, he did not pass Kuroni's sentiment for esbeks. As a minister, he defended their pension rights.
As revealed, talks with the esbeks Kuron had been conducted since 1985. This is confirmed by Lech Wałęsa saying, “Truth, he was negotiating due to the fact that I personally authorized him to do so.”

Born in Lviv, he never felt Polish, but Ukrainian. Kuroń claimed that Poland had just betrayed Ukraine twice. The second time in 1918, erstwhile the Western - Ukrainian People's Republic fell after the war with Poland. According to Jack Kuronia, Lviv was and is the heart of Ukraine, and Poles were to renounce Lviv and east Małopolska so that the Ukrainian state could be created!

The territory of east Małopolska is the area from Krakow to Berdyczów - called "Klein Polen" or Małopolska. akin to kuroni, he makes territorial demands of the fascist - nationalist CNS.

The quarterly "Cracovia Lepolis" appearing in Krakow in issue 1/2005 p.60 states that Viktor Yushchenko described Kuronia as a large Pole and a large Ukrainian (!), and brought to his grave a fistful of Ukrainian land that Jacka gave birth(!). Kuronia was buried with honors as the "Cavaler of the White Eagle" - the highest civilian discrimination of R.P.

According to ed. Andrzej Pawłowski, author of the letter to Jacek Kuronia sent in May 2002 to the editorial board of “Gazeta Wyborcza” “Kavaler of the White Eagle” there is loyalty to Poland and Polish heroes. Meanwhile, the biased statements and descriptions of Kuronia concerning Polish-Ukrainian relations are as if he wore on his chest the highest discrimination of Ukraine - Order of Jarosław the Wise First Class - ends a long letter by Andrzej Pawłowski. The letter "Gazet Wyborcza" did not print.

But it's time to travel to modern Lviv.

The city, located only approx. 350 km. from Krakow "get" is not easy. There are respective options for means of transport. We choose a passenger car. From Krakow to the Polish - Ukrainian border in Medyka about 4 hours drive. On the border itself on both sides of the "nightmare" consisting of standing for border checks in multi-kilometre "rails" of cars and several. The Polish Border defender has known me for many years as an accredited writer “Kurier Daily” so he only asks for press credentials and accreditation. They pass us comparatively rapidly with cordiality, asking with curiosity about the subject of my reports or publications. all year, I send my articles to a border defender I know.

It is worse on the Ukrainian side, we stand unexpectedly in the heat many hours. The border lines are caused by the alleged "ants". These are people driving across the border for cheaper petrol and cigarettes from the "counterband". 1 crossing the border is simply a full tank and 40 liters of gasoline, cheaper on the Ukrainian side by half, of dubious quality, and respective cartons of smuggled cigarettes.

In addition, fresh carriages of well-known car brands are imported into the territory of Ukraine, and this is the intent of transforming the "truders" into "new branded cars". Many specified “mercedes, fordes, opli, or bmw” ride in Lviv or Kiev. The painting is besides complemented by the alleged "footed ants" that carry laundry powders and, of course, the "contraband" cigarette. Live images resembling the departed - not the departed era. Nothing has changed but the Bolshevik red star replaced the Ukrainian trizub.

We're yet going to Lviv. We've got 20 miles ahead of us. The lands we pass, since the mediate Ages connected with Poland, were a region where the processes of Polishization, catolization took place very quickly. Shortly after crossing the border in Medica we are located in Mościska, a tiny town of the erstwhile Przemysl land.

At the intersections of the main street Mościsk with streets leading to close villages there are prostitutes (!), most likely "thirsty". We're looking for "salons of massages" signs. But there's a gas station whose worker is eager to buy gold, or dollars for hryvnia, offering a price far from the cantor for our disadvantage. erstwhile we refuse to trade, how a “employee” of any insurance company emerges from the ground, demanding insurance for cars and travellers.
He's threatening us back to the border. We buy "insurance" before passing the concrete threshold of the gas station, so profiled that my bmw with a bang hits the concrete chassis.

Fortunately, we're moving on. We pass the Judicial Wisznia located in 1368 by Kazimierz Wielki. We are already passing through Jagielloński Castle. yet the Lions come out with their first hornet. We live in building No. 9 in a two-story "block" from the social phase of the "nowohucki" kind in the alleged "new Lviv".

The buildings there are constructed from a large plate, on an unrelented area they scare with ugliness and bad method condition, leading to their method death. The deficiency of thermal insulation makes "hell" in the rooms, and balcony plates heated in the rays of the sun match radiators at night.

Water in taps only 4 hours a day. It should be noted at this point that Lviv does not have open water as a surface river. There is only the Peltev River flowing through Lviv which has its course below the surrounding area.

It is technically impossible to satisfy the needs of drinking water for a millionth city. The city's infrastuktura provided drinking water for a maximum of 300,000 inhabitants and so many residents the city had until 1939. The construction of fresh settlements for propaganda purposes by the Bolshevik occupiers and the creation of about 1 million inhabitants permanently deprived the city of adequate economical and drinking water.

The access roads and paths around the “new Lviv” do not truly exist, depicting 1 immense rubble, with sometimes half a metre of holes filled with dirt and garbage, as the uncommon garbage cans are already overflowing and not emptied. Garbage flies around the neighborhoods with a slight breeze.

Green blue. However, there are many residential benches on which drunkards with non-separated flasks can be found at any time, scattered “in the villages” with broken enamels included. On these benches are drunk boys - not boys, girls, not girls. In coves that have never been, they stand where there are any “truders”, car wrecks - carriages, rows, mosquitoes, oxen, poverty, etc.

Taxis can't be called due to the fact that how will they get there? Although there are riding champions, these "dead-drivers". Existing elevators have not been maintained for years. The housekeeper warns us - "don't thin against the elevator wall due to the fact that 3 against the wall! "Drug, disgust, fear and stench.

From Iwaszkiewicza Street (Kniazini Olga) to the marketplace Square, an hr of driving on a tram moving on narrow gauge rails. The rails built into the cat's head from the time of Franz Josef and the kind of carriage - a stand, meaning a collapsed pavement. Tram velocity 6 km/h. frequently the tram ride is interrupted by the conductor's command in a flower apron: "Get out of the car is not going any further". Driving a car around Lviv's surfaces with cat heads is vulnerability to breaking suspension, or something even worse.

In Lviv's Roman Cathedral, 1 of 3 Polish Roman-Catholic churches accepts orders for Mass not very politely, a young priest - not a priest, in a church bench, in the main nave (is there a disguise? And a young nun in the sacristy. I know that orders for Holy Mass and another intentions are accepted in churches in the sacristy. These people issue testimonies of the ordered mass in Ukrainian. On the question of why in Ukrainian, the priest answers, "Because there is no Polish", while the nun answers, "Don't annoy me." The priest is joined by a woman selling the devociation at the church, "You don't gotta order."

So there are questions:

Why is Ukrainian Viktor Antoniuk the parish priest of the Roman Catholic Cathedral, the Latin rite in Lviv? There are no Polish priests in Lviv? Why do you take donations in a church bench alternatively of a sacristy? Why don't you keep a ledger of the faithful? Why is the inscription on the church treasury only in Ukrainian? Why are the dates of Mass published in Ukrainian?
These questions should be answered by the faithful coming from all over the world, as well as by the readers of the "Daily Courier" of the Lviv metropolitan, then the cardinal. Marian Jaworski.

Meanwhile, it is time to visit and pay tribute, as usual, to the dead who are resting on the Łychakovsky Cemetery, especially longer stopping over the graves of the large Poles. We bow our heads at the Lvov Defenders' Cemetery and participate in the Mass at the Wulecki Hills, where there is always a Mass on 4 July on the anniversary of the execution of Lviv Professors by the Nachtigall Battalion. The Lviv Professors died in the Wuletsky Hills in Lviv on 4 July 1941, shot by the Ukrainian Nachtigall Battalion, commander of which was Roman Szuchewycz (Taras Czuprynka).

Right next door in the Abrahamowicz Plant and in the Krzyczynski Forest, Ukrainian nationalists murdered thousands of victims in the second execution.

There is simply a presumption that in the second group there was my father Maurice Marian Szumański, an intellectual, Lviv doctor of medicine - a student at the University of Jan Kazimierz in Lviv - assistant of Prof. Adam Sołowisz, shot at the Wulecki Hills. My father was arrested by Gestapo in his (our) flat at 4 Jagiellońska Street in Lviv on 4 November 1941 and placed in Gestapo prison at Łąckiego Street in Lviv, along with another arrested Lviv intellectuals.

It was here in Lviv that Archbishop Andrzej Szeptycki welcomed in 1941 the bread and salt of politician Hans Frank, a Nazi war criminal sentenced by the Nuremberg court to death punishment by hanging.

Sentence granted.

And on Sunday we perceive to Mass in the church of St. Mary Magdalene. We meet many prominent Lviv, among others the editor-in-chief of excellent “Lwów meetings” by Bożina Rafalska, editor-in-chief of “Cracovia Leopolis” by Andrzej Chlipalski. It is this quarterly in issue 3 / 2006 that describes the shameful communicative that happened in the church of St Mary Magdalene at the end of May 2006.

The parish priest, Bishop Leon Mały, sent a letter to the parishioners about the performance related to the celebration of the “Days of Krakow” in Lviv. The performance was not held in the church due to the fact that the parishioners blocked the place in front of the main altar, the Kraków artists did not agree to execute in this place.

The manager of the home of Organ Music (i.e. the Church of St. Mary Magdalene) J. Winnicki sent a card to Mr. Joseph - church in the Church of St. Mary Magdalene as follows:

"Dear Lord Joseph, on 3 - 4 June at 5 p.m. concerts on the altar.
Please take your m a n e l and respectfully manager J. Winnicki."

Your "manela" are objects of spiritual worship, including crosses.

The parishioners so addressed the parish priest Bishop Leon Mały with a proposal to prevent profanation and stand up for the sanctity of the altar and crosses. Given the sanctity of the matter, the parish priest informed the manager that the altar of concerts could not be, due to the fact that this is simply a holy place - as the letter says.

In the conclusion of the broad justification of his position, the parish priest joins the position of the faithful to stay in the church and to prevent the profanation of the altar in the church of St Mary Magdalene. The performance didn't take place.

In his past, Lviv admired and admired the atmosphere, alternatively in another Polish cities unusual. This is simply a unique line accent, the Lwów Balak, an unforgettable "Lviv wave" with Tońcie, Szczepcie, Władysław Majewska, lyrics by Marian Hemar. Just mention the "batian-kinder" songs, for example: "Only in Lviv". Literature about Lviv is huge, besides on the Internet. Just read!

And a gallery of different types, please, here are fragments of descriptions:

LOLO WARIAT - a nostalgic, sloppy individual, equally "worn" in winter and summer, a look that evokes a general sensation.

WARSZAWA - WAWA - a gentleman in a batiar helmet - offering a journey to Warsaw. Regardless of the decision, he "moved" a trocht by imitating a steam locomotive - "warszawa wawa, warszawa wawa" - repeated rhythmically. Of course, the children were following him, and certainly, including me and Adam Macedonian co-cracovian creator of the celebrated "Cracovian Cross".

PROFESOR JEGIER - stood invariably in the entrance of the gate at Legion Street in Heller's passage forgotten today, from morning to evening. He curlyly cried out: prof. Jegier, prof. Jegier, advertising jegier underpants, simultaneously extending supposedly elastic snow legs of white underpants. I don't think he was crazy. His business was good erstwhile he looked. It lasted until September 1939.

LUCYK - a healer of charlatan dressed in a long robe dressed with brass stars and wheels, with a rattlesnake snake in his arm. He was selling pills for everything, his own product.

Baronek - impoverished baron, hooligan, a small confused, surviving with charity. He stood outside George's hotel and spoke French. They say it's literary.

DOCTOR - standing always in Gołuchowski Square, speaking to each another in judaic and German.

PROFESOR OR FILOZOF - a poet, writing on order commemorative poems, stood with a book in his hand, usually on Wałowa Street and advertised Latin poems, or school youth did homework from Latin.

DURNY IGNAS - played violin under the building wall on the corner of Kurkowa and Czarniecki Street. Squeezeed by the whips, "Ignacy Zosek doesn't love you." He cried out after them in anger, "Go, you magistrate bean." This exclamation mark became a popular, common phrase of the lions, expressing impatience.

BEN HUR - or BUGAJ - to the half of the original, to the half of the lunatic who sang over and over again: Buwajta dzierowowa, my zolota".

DODIO - a weirdo, a pensioner from the advanced Lychakov, walked in a black cap with passion to rip the posters off the walls he pushed out of his pockets.

ALTESZIKER – (OLD PIAK) - Jew, shoemaker and drunk, dancing on the streets.

DURNY JASIU - the boy of a marketplace bribe. He was laughing at his saying, "You don't buy borscht from my mom due to the fact that a rat drowned there."

ŚLEPA MIŃCIU - sat on a folding stool on the Hetmanski Wałas under the Sobieski monument she played on harmony and sang at the time hits e.g. "Beautiful nails", "Pienkny tulipani". The streetmen who were pinned down, they were called "you signac!"

All these originals, freaks and lunatics of Lviv street included the name "swirk". The word "crazy" was a Lviv neologism meaning a mentally ill, crazy, lunatic - supposedly derived from the behaviour of a certain simulator who wanted to get out of his service in the Austrian army pretended to be a madman chirping like a cricketer "swirk, nutter". From "crazy" comes another popular words in Lviv: crazy, stupid, crazy, crazy - act like a freak, i.e. crazy.

We visit the Lions all year. all year, the regular Courier besides publishes my Lviv material. Yes, it is this time. The journey to Lviv is besides a consequence of his own meeting, with my poetry, most frequently in the Polish school of St Mary Magdalene, as well as a broadcast on the Radio of Lviv, to which I am invited by the president of Radio Lwów ed. Teresa Pakosz (participants of the 13th and 14th planet Forum of Polish Media), twice the winner of the Henryk Cyganik literary competition.

I am besides a frequent guest in the Lviv "Gallery of Contemporary Art" at 9 Badenich Street, created from the funds of the R.P. Senate. In these rooms there is besides the editorial board of "Lviv meetings". This year I was invited by Mr Bożena Rafalska, whom I mentioned, to meet with my love poem. The audience was little, but for what! She's a real "Livian bohemian"!

The quarterly "Cracovia Leopolis" mentioned by me in the issue of 3/2005 printed my poem on the Defenders of Lviv with a warm comment. This poem and comment were the subject of my broadcast on the Lion Radio in July 2005.

Here they are:

"At the end of April, the author's evening of Alexander Szumański, a Lviv-Krakow poet, was held at the LPR office in Krakow. The author read his poems full of patriotic and historical reflection, mostly related to Lviv, the drama of his Polishness, from the poem entitled "Polish Photography" published in the 1990s. In 1 of the Krakow writings Jerzy Adamski wrote: - He is simply a Shuman lyricist. Born in Lviv, he lived there until 1941. The first poem was written in 1941 by a celebrated actor on the Lviv radio. In total, he wrote over 4000 tracks, of which 380 were included in the volume "Flying Birds". With these works, thanks to their simplicity steeped in deep reflection and lyricism, he gained many readers. It seems Szumański is the only 1 who writes that today.. In his works he refers to all the classics we know. - We quote 1 of his poems about the defenders of Lviv:

They're 3 young blood.
Just looking at the old man's castle
They walked without trenches on free days
Because the soldiers were in tears of banners.

And only the power of heaven
She's armed with a tuman of young rot,
They shrapnel the collusion in Orla night
The arms only defended the plexus.

The 3 of them went up into the sky,
For this was the destiny of the Homeland,
The communicative was colored with pain these days
A more powerful black voice.

The streets were followed by unknowns,
And over them are the pomegranates,
♪ Mean armed, beloved ♪
Defending the beauty of his lion.

In the Polishness of the castle,
Over them continued the conspiracy,
And they were wanted, though they were unwanted
The Eagle, the children of his Lion.

And in their glory they were proud
Songs by Kleparov notes,
With bare fists, fighting loudly,
The Eagles, the children of their Lion.

And with the banners the conflict won,
The enemy's power is already disbanded,
Because it was the Eagles that sang,
The Eagle, the children of his Lion.

And in Lychakov rubble shaft
Their children's words came to rest,
And in hard ground, the lion's rock
To this day, the defenders of Lviv continue.

See you next year in Lviv.

I offer my heartfelt thanks:

Mr. Jerzy Korzen, president of the First Marshal of Poland Józef Piłsudski.

Mr Lucin Kulinska,

Mr Jan Majda,

Mr Lesław Flis, for providing me with crucial historical materials without which it would not be possible to compose this publication.

Alexander Szumański

From the editorial of the Chicago regular Courier: Aleksander Szumański has late been awarded the Medal of the Committee on National Education.


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