Multimian: The foundation of the empire

I'm presently working on a book on Counterreformation. The characteristic feature of the second was the dominance of Spanish thinkers – both in terms of the number of thinkers and the depth of their political reflection. On the occasion of the Spaniards, they erstwhile considered the birth of national states and empires, as their state was first ruled by Charles V of Habsburg, who was at the same time the emperor of the Reich and then his successor, forming an empire composed of Spain, Portugal, the Netherlands, Milan and Naples. The Spaniards were not content to be part of the empire, combining the empire with despotism. Their reflection remains valid erstwhile looking at the European Union. Why?

The Spanish political thought of the 16th and 17th centuries was founded on Aristotle and St. Thomas of Aquinas. From this tradition many authors drew reflection on the state's genesis. Aristotle and Akwinata preached the alleged natural way of its origin. It was based on the belief that man is simply a social being. This drives him to start a family, to associate with the other sex and to have children, and then to make multigenerational families. Families besides do not like surviving alone, so respective or respective families naturally live together, creating a village. This makes it easier to defend against wolves and thieves. The villages are not self-sufficient due to the fact that they can defend themselves against a thief, but not against a bunch of thieves. The inhabitants of 1 village will not dig the canal themselves. That's why the villages merge into a commune. Municipalities in provinces until a larger area of size is created: the state. Aristotle and Akwinata credited him with “self-sufficiency”, i.e. having a population capable of stopping the outside enemy, producing about the most crucial food and craft items, etc.

Since the Spanish did not feel very well about themselves as part of the Habsburg Empire, they were curious in the question of how large and populous the natural state is. This boundary is defined by a common language. 1 individual can learn a abroad language, but not generally. Therefore, the village creates people with the same language, likewise a commune, etc., meaning that the boundary of the area of a country created by nature is simply a common language. It must be the same language or dialects so that people can recognise another citizens as their kindred. So Spain was created, which was originally created by people speaking Castilian, then extended to talk akin dialects of the Aragonians (Catalan and Valencian dialects) and Andalusians, and yet Portuguese. To the north of the border Pyrenees there are already French, speaking incomprehensible language, so no 1 always wanted to make a single state with them. Spain in Italy had provinces in the form of Sicily, Naples and Milan. The locals utilized a different language, but Spanish was similar, based on Latin. Spanish was then widely utilized in Italy by local elites, and the Spaniards were massively learning Italian as a language of culture. Therefore, the connectivity of Spain and Italy was considered to be within the borders of a country created by nature, especially since the Mediterranean was a convenient means of communication. The Spaniards considered it to be a rape of nature and to be part of the Charles V German empire. Who understands this barbaric language? What barbaric customs! How they dress and eat! In addition, they have strings attached to this heretic Martin Luther! No, on the natural road, the Spaniards and Germans would never make 1 country! The same problem is with the Netherlands, whose northern part inhabits the Dutch speaking as much as Germany with a barbaric dialect, and in addition, worshiping the another heretic in the form of John Calvin! Although the confederate Netherlands (today Belgium) and Franche Comté (north Burgundy) live in Francophones, who are Catholics and talk a more understandable language, but from Spain they are divided by the full of France and by natural means would never make a single state with it. The final conclusion is that, by nature, only Spain could have been created plus part of Italy.

Charles V and Philip II so ruled empires that violated nature, ruled peoples that had nothing in common and whose subjects could not communicate with each other, had another languages, cultures, and in the Reformation era any of them favored Protestantism and the Spanish would most gladly burn them at the stake. An empire encompassing a large area and many peoples are so opposed to nature and those who cannot communicate would most willingly make their own states within the limits of their own languages. The emperors, however, are delighted to have many peoples and lands under their rule, so they will never let secession. This leads to another conclusion: since any nations want to separate themselves from the empire, they cannot have parliamentary bodies (under the conditions of the State Assembly at the time). If the emperor had called a panmperial parliament, then the delegates of lands that don't fit the remainder would have utilized it to fight for autonomy or just secession. Therefore, the ruler will never call specified a body. Nor will he call regional parliaments on the lands artificially attached to the others, as they will want secession. The conclusion is that a multinational empire, due to its artificiality, must be kept in unity by force, which forces its despotic character. Furthermore, most of the historical empires – from Alexander Macedonian, through Rome, to Charles the large – were created through brutal conquest and were kept by force in artificial unity.

Here you have an explanation of why the European Commission cannot be elected in a general vote by citizens of EU associate States. Germany would like to vote on its candidate, and smaller nations would be against it. Why? due to the fact that the nations of the EU do not communicate in the same language. That is why Ursula von der Leyen does not have democratic legitimacy and to despotism.

Adam Wielomski