P. Szymanski: So war! Beginnings of U.S. Administration and Diplomacy

Representatives of the rebel colonies signed the Declaration of independency de facto declared war on the British Crown. It was not a unanimous decision. The political scene in the colonies was divided between the anti-Catholic Whigs and Tories monarchs. Both political parties were a copy of political divisions in home England, and so had their representatives in the British parliament and government. The slogan of the American Revolution “No taxation without representation” is in a sense a founding myth. The Oligarchy which ruled the North American colonies came from the British nobility and had its representatives in both chambers of parliament, frequently close household or siblings. The best example of this is the Penn family, whose private property was the colony of Pennsylvania, as in the Republic of Zamoyszczyzna belonged to the Zamoyski family. The office of politician Pennsylvania was in practice an hereditary office. George Washington's ancestor was Sir William de Hertburn born in 1150, who received possession of the Wessyngton property close Nottingham. The name of the property derives from Washington. The Washington household must have had a very strong household consciousness since George Washington's distant cousin, Joseph Washington named his tobacco plantation in Tennessee Wessyngton Plantation. George Washington's grandpa was Lawrence Washington, who received his name in honor of the pastor and Rector of the University of Oxford Lawrenc Washington (1602–1652). The home of celebrated General Robert E. Lee is native to Shropshire County, England. The Lee household practically built the United States from the foundations. General Robert E. Lee was stripped of U.S. citizenship after surrendering his army after the conflict of Appomattox in his native Virginia, the erstwhile household property of the Lee clan. Only in 1975, the U.S. legislature restored citizenship to an outstanding general and patriot. Unfortunately, the general's monuments are present unparadoxed from public squares as part of the American Ideological and Cultural Revolution.

The offices of governors, judges and key offices of the colony administration were in the hands of the English nobility, frequently politically divided on the Whigs and Tories line. The dispute over colony independency won the Whigs political camp.

At the time of the signing of the Declaration of Independence, the colonies had no army, no weapons, no gunpowder, no cannons, no war fleet, much little money to wage war against the global power. Let me remind you that in the colony they utilized paper money based solely on the words of colonial officials. In fact, they were government zero-coupon bonds, in Poland known as PZC bonds (Point Zero Charge). In addition, about 10,000 British soldiers with cannons, forts and warships were stationed in the colony. Only a deranged man starts a war with his bare hands. American Whigs weren't crazy! They knew the risks. They hoped for the aid of a very strong ideological, political and financial background in the UK itself, as well as among ideological allies in France. The provision of army, war financing and diplomacy was entrusted to the Secret Committee of Trade, to which Benjamin Franklin, Silas Deane, Robert R. Livingston, John Alsop, John Dickinson, Thomas McKean, John Langdon and Samuel Ward were appointed. As the war progressed, the committee expanded to include Robert Morris and Francis Lewis.

It was a group of wealthy people with very strong personalities, very intelligent, cunning, with immense experience in global trade and finance. 5 members of the Secret Trade Committee signed the Declaration of Independence, which were Franklin, Livingston, McKean, Lewis and Morris. 3 of them signed the US Constitution: Franklin, Langdon and Morris.

The legislature besides set up the Secret Committee of Correspondence (the Secret Correspondence Committee) whose task was to keep communication with commercial agents and bankers primarily in England, but the activities of the Secret Committee of Correspondence covered virtually all of Europe. The committee included Benjamin Franklin, Benjamin Harrison V, Thomas Johnson, John Dickinson, John Jay and Robert Morris

They were not random, but very carefully selected, all belonging to colonial oligarchy. The boy and great-grandson of Benjamin Harrison V became Presidents of the United States. All these members of both committees had excellent contacts across Europe, especially in England with which they traded, and with which they had household ties. Both committees included Franklin and Morris, the people on whose shoulders the war with Britain rested! The Secret Trade Committee and the Secret Correspondence Committee were the origins of the State Department, the Trade Department, as well as US intelligence and counterintelligence services.

Members of both committees were tasked with equipping the army, financing the war with England and building quantifiable diplomatic ties with possible allies of rebellious colonies. The army needed specified trifles as muskets, sabers, cannons, bayonets, gunpowder, ammunition, officers, uniforms, shoes, tents, sails, carts, doctors, hospitals, medicines, dressings, war fleet, saddles, horse harnesses, horses, mules, food, blankets, boots, hats, onuc, stripes, axe, picks, shovels, and all another equipment without which no war can be conducted. No weapons were produced in North America, no cannon casting, no powder mills. Even lead, essential for casting musket bullets, had to be imported from Europe. Colonies were agricultural areas geared towards exporting their products to Europe. 60% of the colony's export goods were rice, tobacco, poppy, dried fish, iron ore, wood and indigo dye. The export profits and taxes from the plantation were not able to cover the costs associated with the war. Armourment and essential equipment of the army had to be brought from Europe by defeating the Atlantic in which the British fleet reigned, and for everything had to be paid with gold, which the colonies simply did not have. The only ally willing to aid France, who lost to England the 7 Years' War and was bankrupt. Despite the large risk, the rebels felt assured in victory. Thanks to their political and commercial ties, they knew perfectly well that the 7 Years' War led the Crown to a financial disaster. They had a paper lion Albion in front of them. There was a unique and unique chance to separate from the matrix!

The Secret Trade Committee signed the largest equipment contract with Willing and Morris and with insignificant contracts with companies associated with Silas Deane, Francis Lewis, Robert R. Livingston, and John Alsop. specified a solution drew upon itself, envy, hatred, accusations of corruption and nepotism. The first cannons for revolutionaries were captured by Benedict Arnold bravely mastering the strategical Fort Ticonderoga. Benedict Arnold himself is simply a very colorful, expressive and tragic figure. Love for 18-year-old Peggy, exuberant ambition, explosive temperament, bitterness and disappointment of revolutionaries, turned the idealist and hero into a cynic and traitor. Willing and Morris delivered powder, muskets, ammunition, and supplies. Her boss, Robert Morris, besides created the seed of the American Navy.

Read also:

Bank of England – birth of the marketplace for sovereign debt bonds