OSCAR SCHINDLER
"THE LIST OF SCHINDLER"
Drunk, womanizer, spy Abwehr, just among the planet Nations.
115 years ago, on 28 April 1908, Oskar Schindler was born. He became recognizable by Steven Spielberg's film.
However, he was not a monument figure. Historians indicate that he liked liquor and women, was a spy of Abwehr, and during planet War II he saved over a 1000 Jews.
Including my friends from the Kraków Ghetto - Stella Miller and Niusia Horowitz - Karakulska.
Schindler, who was Sudetian German, was arrested respective times by Czech police.
He was in custody, paying fines. mostly for drinking and all kinds of pubic stuff. He drank a lot. He cheated on his wife with quite a few women. He had 2 illegitimate children. He led a hulasy lifestyle for which he had no means, due to the fact that he was not doing well in business - said the author of the book "Oskar Schindler" in an interview with the monthly magazine "History to Things". Real History" David M. Crowe.
I must admit, after examining his first period of life, I asked myself: What have I gotten myself into?!
This Schindler in no way resembles the character played in the movie by Liam Neeson. Drunk, broad, Nazi, and Abwehr spy! After the war, Schindler was at the top of the Czech list of wanted war criminals!
The Czechs inactive think he's a bad guy, and they get tense erstwhile they hear Schindler was a large hero.
Oskar Schindler was born on 28 April 1908, in the village of Svitava (German: Zwittau) in Moravia, then owned by Austro-Hungarian (now Czech Republic), in a household of Sudeten Germans. He managed a store with agricultural machinery and a driving school, served in the Czechoslovak army.
In 1935, like most German-speaking youth in Sudetes, he joined the Sudeten Germans' Party. A year later, he began working with Abwehra. It was a minute erstwhile the conflict between the 3rd Reich and German and Czechoslovakia grew.
He acted against his country, for which he was arrested in 1938 by the Czechoslovakian authorities and sentenced to death.
He was pardoned after the annexation of the Sudetian Country
through the 3rd German Reich. Upon his release, he joined the NSDAP.
According to David M. Crowe, Oscar Schindler was active in preparing an invasion of Poland.
"It was Schindler who was to win 1 of the Polish Army uniforms, which was then utilized for the celebrated Gliwice provocation. Means a fake attack of SS men disguised as Polish soldiers on German radio station in Silesia. This attack then served Hitler as an excuse to assault your country" - he said in an interview with "History to Things".
Shortly after the outbreak of the war, Schindler went to occupied Krakow in the hope of making a fortune.
Thanks to the arrangements, bribes and black marketplace activities in November 1939, he took over from the bankrupt judaic entrepreneur Abraham Bankier the fallen mill of Emalidomized and Blazed Works "Record" in Kraków Zabłocie, creating Deutsche Emailwarenfabrik (DEF) - the German mill of Emalidomized Products. In short, he called it "Emalia".
A tiny company in Podkrakowski Zamłocie, which started producing kitchen utensils for the German army, began to grow leaps. After 3 months, she employed about 250 Polish workers, including 7 Jews. In late 1942, it grew into a immense enamel and ammunition factory, covering about 45,000 square meters and employing nearly 800 men and women. Among them, 370 were Jews from the Krakow ghetto, which Germans formed after entering the city.
"As a hedonist and gambler by nature, Schindler rapidly adopted a wasteful lifestyle, playing until late night hours, spending time with advanced SS officers and having an affair with beautiful Polish women. Schindler did not disagree from another Germans who came to Poland as part of the business administration and their co-workers. The only thing distinguishing him from another war speculators was his humane treatment of workers, especially Jews" - was written on the page of the Israeli Yad Vashem Institute.
At the highest of 1944, the mill employed 1.7 1000 people, including at least 1,000 Jews. Historians admit that at first they decided on the employment of Jews most most likely economical considerations (they were a very inexpensive labour force). However, the accounts of those who attended that event show that in time he was only looking to save people.
In the selection of Schindler workers, he chose first of all people who could be declared unfit for work in the camp, thus threatening to kill them – children, women, older people and not full physically fit men. He presented them as irreplaceable specialists, mechanics and metallurgists, besides valuable to send them to Auschwitz.
Initially, the mill produced vessels, but later switched partially to arms production; thus the plant, as a key to the war effort, gained peculiar privileges, and Schindler – a large argument erstwhile mentioning his workers.
In 1943 the Kraków ghetto was liquidated. The remaining Jews were resettled to a labour camp (later a concentration camp) in Płaszów in the suburbs of Krakow. The camp commander was Amon Göth, known for his sadistic tendencies, which gained him the nickname Butcher of Plaszów. utilizing SS-man's love of alcohol and another luxury goods, Schindler provided him with the luxury he wanted, while cultivating common social relations. He thus persuaded Göth to build a subcamp for his judaic workers on the adjacent plot.
They were not threatened by the unimaginable atrocities that were common in the main camp; food rations, although inactive small, were larger. Schindler bought food for prisoners on the black market, allowed families to join, there was no bullying and devastating work beyond force. "For the full period of our work (for Schindler) there was not a single death for reasons another than natural causes," wrote the surviving Jews.
The Gestapo arrested Schindler respective times due to suspicions of corruption and unlawful aid to the Jews. He was never charged, most likely with bribes.
At the end of 1944, an evacuation of Plaszów and another camps was ordered in connection with the approaching Red Army. However, Schindler, alternatively of evacuating his plant as ordered, successfully intervened with the authorities and obtained approval to transfer production to a plant in Brünnlitz (now Breněnec) in the Sudetian Country.
David M. Crowe considers this minute a breakthrough. Schindler "could end operations in Krakow and retreat west, taking what he earned. But he risked his life and money to save as many Jews as possible," he said in an interview with Forbes magazine.
All existing DEF employees (and many secretly added to the list of prisoners from Plaszów) were to be transferred to the fresh factory. Nevertheless, about 800 men (including 700 Jews) and about 300-400 women were sent to camps in Gross-Rosen and Auschwitz. erstwhile again, Schindler’s intervention saved them from 1 death.
By the end of the war, the mill in Brünnlitz produced only 1 ammunition wagon. The illusion of the establishment essential for the war effort sustained Schindler's forged papers all along. On May 9, 1945, more than a 1000 Jews survived in comparative security. "We owe our life solely to the efforts of manager Schindler and his human actions towards his workers," wrote the survivors in a letter that, after the war, assured Schindler and his wife of safety.
Oscar and his wife Emilie, the Yad Vashem Institute, declared that about 120 judaic prisoners from Goleszów (the Auschwitz sub-camp) were saved. Embedded into sealed cattle wagons, deprived of water and food, they were transported in the mediate of winter to the west, under the Brünnlitz gate. Only thanks to the fast intervention of the Schindlers were transport guards convinced that the semi-living people in the wagons were urgently needed in the mill and should not be sent back. About 120 men survived 107. Schindler provided them with medical care, and he took care of a appropriate burial of the dead in the Catholic cemetery's headquarters, purchased specifically for this purpose.
Schindler was not doing well after the war. He and his wife entered the territory of Germany controlled by Western Allies. The press in the country wrote about his activities during the war, but in German society national socialism held tight: Schindler's actions were frequently condemned, even the voices were raised that he should have gone into the gas chamber with his Jews.
In 1949 Schindler emigrated with his wife to Argentina; in paying for his journey across the Atlantic the Jews helped him save him. In a fresh place, he tried, without success, to farm and grow animals. In 1957 he returned to Germany, where, again without success, he tried his forces in the construction industry. Despite the modest aid sent by the surviving Jews and judaic organizations, Schindler faced financial problems for the remainder of his life.
In 1962, a tree in honor of Schindler was planted in Yad Vashem Justice Avenue.
Oskar Schindler died on 9 October 1974 in modest conditions in Hildesheim, then West Germany. To his death, he maintained contact with any of his erstwhile workers.
"Our gratitude meant a lot to him. He thought of us – Schindlerjuden, + Schindler's Jews+ – as his children, whom he never truly had. He asked to be buried in Jerusalem. +My children are there+," he said. He was buried on Mount Zion; he is the only associate of the Nazi organization to remainder there. On his grave you can see quite a few pebbles, evidence of memory left by those who knew him, and by strangers who remember his courage and all those human lives he saved" - reads Leon Leyson's book "The Boy of Schindler's List" (2013).
Schindler's publicity was assured by Steven Spielberg's movie "The Schindler List" (1993), which was based on Thomas Keneally's fresh published in 1982.
On 24 June 1993, the Yad Vashem Institute recognized Emilie and Oskar Schindler as the Righteous among the planet Nations.
Schindler is simply a character with many faces and character full of contradictions. But he cannot be denied much more than the request to supply an alibi after the war.
A quote from the Talmud appears, therefore, on Schindler's plaque on the wall of the erstwhile mill in Krakow: "Who saves 1 life, as if the full planet was saving". (PAP)
author: Katarzyna Krzykowska
