Professor Andrzej Werblan turns 100 today. He is the last surviving associate of the ultimate Council of the Polish Socialist organization (RN PPS) from the 1940s. Polish historian, political scientist, politician, writer, analyst. associate of the Parliament of the Polish People's Republic I, III, IV, V, VI, VII and VIII of the word of office, from 1971 to 1982 Deputy Marshal of the Sejm of V, VI, VII and VIII of the word of office.
It can be liked or not, but should be read due to the fact that it is an encyclopedia of cognition about People's Poland and processes in it. I appreciate him very much, although I do not agree with all political assessments. I never considered prof. Werblan a communist. possibly he was at the beginning of his political path, although I have doubts. He is simply a classical political realist, knowing processes, place and time. 1 of the fewer publicists in the 3rd Poland who understood what is most crucial in the thought of Roman Dmowski. Werblan has the ability to catch the most important. This is besides the case with Władysław Gomulka, Alexander Bochanski or Gen. Wojciech Jaruzelski.
In 1940 he and his household were sent to Siberia, where he worked as a individual in russian collective farms. After the Sikorski-Majski arrangement he tried to get into the Polish Armed Forces formed in the USSR. From 1943 to 1947 he served in the Polish Army. Among another things, he participated in the conflict of Studzianki. He ended his conflict way close Gdańsk. He kept skepticism towards the russian Union, did not want Poland as 17 republics. From 1946 on the PPS (in 1948 he sat on the ultimate Council of the organization and served as the 1st Secretary of the Provincial Committee in Białystok), as of 1948 in the PZPR.
Already in the days of Władysław Gomulka he worked on the Central Committee. The same was actual during Edward Gierek's reign. In 1974 he took up the position of prof. of average University of Silesia in Katowice, teaching political sciences. He was the editor-in-chief of the KC PZPR magazine "New Ways" (1972–1974) and manager of the Institute of Basic Problems of Marxism-Leninism (1974–1981). For many years he was the main organization ideology. He was accused that in 1968 he overstated the work of judaic people for the crimes and perversions of the Stalin period. In June 1968, an highly crucial text for this breakthrough in Poland was published in the Literary Monthly entitled “The origin for the genesis of conflict”.
From 1974 to 1985, he was part of the ultimate Council of the Union of Freedom and Democracy Fighters. From 1981 to 1983, he is simply a associate of the Presidium of the National Committee on the Unity of Nation. Awarded: Medal of “Favored on the Field of Glory” (three times), Commander's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta, Order of the First Class and Second Class Labour Championships, Order of the Construction of People's Poland.
In III of Poland, his texts could be found primarily in the monthly magazine “Today” and “Week Review”. In fact, I find both writings highly valuable and notable. Author of highly valuable books: “Wladyslaw Gomulku Secretary-General of the PPR”, “Stalinism in Poland” and the two-volume section “Truth and Realism”. On the occasion of his 100th birthday, an excellent interview by the editors Jerzy Domański, Paweł Dybicz and Robert Walenciak was published in the “Week Review” Week. besides in the current issue edited by Agnieszka Wołk-Łańewska, “Tygodnik NO” was the interview of Robert Jaruga with Prof. Andrzej Werblan “From Bierut to Biden”.
And now a small professor...
"Dmowski was 1 of the most prominent political writers in Poland's history. His texts are shocking, you can say perfection, precision. Dmowski was a nationalist. beautiful ugly. He hated Jews, despised Ukrainians, respected Russians, feared Germans. But its greatness was not about nationalism, due to the fact that they were more fierce than it was, but on the fact that it brought to Poland a modern thought of political realism. And specified different terms – that he despises specified patriots who think primarily about how to harm Moscow, not how to aid Poland.
Or erstwhile he listened to the fragment of “Warsaw”: “Arise Poland, break the shackles, present your triumph or death”, he wrote that the passage always raised the deepest moral opposition in him. That he who thinks as he sings is simply a criminal... Then there is the improvement of this thought, it comes down to the fact that those who induced uprisings, especially in January, were criminals. It starts with these words: you can hazard everything you have, life even, in a individual matter. But risking the good of the nation is simply a crime! He was cold in his analysis. He was rather a careful justice of the interests of another nations. As he spoke of business, he disheartened his feelings. Even of the Jews he wrote calmly and with respect, which he considered what was in his interest...
There is his large text, written in 1930, in a book devoted to global politics. Prophetic! It begins with the thought: Ukraine is now part of russian Russia. But Ukraine will regain independence. It's a big, 40-million nation, they'll regain their independence. And this will be a very crucial change in Europe. Will it be good for the Ukrainians? He said, "I don't know." And almost prophetically, he predicted all that was happening, and the Russian-Ukrainian War. He referred to her with coldness. He said the Russians would should be the weakest nation in the planet if they had calmly accepted the failure of Ukraine. He even predicted that the Ukrainians would have problem managing that they would employment foreigners to rule. It reminds me of Saakashvili and our watch minister... And he ended it, all this text, that he would advise Poland, although he would not live to see it, due to the fact that it would be a fewer decades before Ukraine regained its independence, so as not to get involved. It is interesting in general that Poland, neither inter-war nor post-war, I am not talking about People's Poland, due to the fact that Ludowa had a hyzia about anti-Semitism and Dmowski was cursed, but Poland, III of Poland, which places monuments to him and honors him as the father of independence, does not implement any council of Dmowski. None! She worships all uprisings, and he organizers of these uprisings condemned as criminals. She is all mixed up in Ukraine, and he wrote the full book to advise Poland: do not mix, gentlemen, to this” (“For the 100th birthday anniversary of Gomulka, Dmowski. Piłsudski and Jaruzelski”, Tygodnik Review 28.10-3.11.2024)
"I, of course, defend my political life communicative and People's Poland in this book. I am defending this formation with which I have actually linked my active life. But I defend with a different argument, from positions another than the People's Poland defended itself (...) More crucial to her, though unexplored in her time. In my opinion today, as I look at it, and even then to a large degree the People's Poland was alternatively a mediocre incarnation of socialism. On the another hand, she was a good, not very good, but a good adaptation to the national and state existence to the geopolitical situation that arose during and after planet War II. The nation had to adapt to the situation of the division of the world. And he adapted, thanks to the People's Poland, in a comparatively successful manner. possibly not for five, but from October, Gomulkowski, actually, to the end of four. Then Poland won a wide scope of autonomy in interior policy (...)
Gomulko in talks in a narrower ellipse was a Realpolitik man. In conversation with the nation – no. In conversation with the nation was ideology... Realpolitik's language could not be utilized in talks with the nation due to the russian Union, which would treat it as an insult, that it is spoken of as a power to be reckoned with. That was unacceptable. The russian Union wanted to be loved for its ideological beauty, not adequate respect for its position and global strength...
In 1969, I witnessed a conversation between Brezhnev and Gomułka, over coffee, during a break in a large council. Something Brezhneva tempted and asked Gomułka: “When will you yet consolidate your agriculture? And you're going to get to the remainder of the socialist countries?” erstwhile I heard that, I thought, "A brawl." Indeed, Gomulka’s reaction was this: “Comrade Brezhnev, we are even willing to consider it due to the fact that we are a small tormented by the fact that all countries have codified and we are not. But you know erstwhile we're truly gonna think about it? erstwhile you halt importing grain from the United States and start exporting it yourself. Yeah, so in case we don't get the collective, we can buy millions of tons of wheat from you, not from the Americans or Australia for the motto. Do you not realize – Gomulka continued – that your agricultural policy did not come out? ...
Gomulku was untrustworthy to this apparatus (Security Service) due to the fact that for 4 years he was his prisoner. In his memoirs, which he wrote in retirement, he included a sad comparison for the Polish dimension of justice with the pre-war period. He felt that the pre-war justice apparatus and police were more law-abiding in political matters than in People's Poland. That prosecutors were more of a carnage, the police didn't frame and tell crimes that weren't committed, that the courts were governed by law. And what he encountered as a prisoner of the People's Poland looked different. During 1 of the first hearings, he began to invoke the constitution. That's erstwhile the cap. Michalak, called the interrogator, took the rubber stick and showed it – in our country it is simply a constitution (...)
Katyn's territories were occupied by the Red Army, a delegation from our army was sent there. 2 people came from our battalion. Their relation was ambivalent They weren't certain who did it. Katyn was a problem to me due to the fact that 2 people in my household died there. 1 uncle – a Tarnopol police officer and 1 military. At the exile, I was with the widows after the murdered in Katyn. due to the fact that in that shipment where my household and I were in, families of interned officers were taken away.
Half of the exiled were ex-wife of officers and police officers who fell victim to this murder. I talked to Gomulka erstwhile and he asked me what I thought. I said that we and my colleagues in the army were alternatively suspicious of the NKVD.A. Gomulku replied to me, "This is understandable due to the fact that you were not during the business in the country, and I was." He added: “I, during the occupation, believed that it was Germany. due to the fact that after the Germans, I expected the worst. But – he said – at the minute of liberation I changed my mind. And as early as 1945, I was convinced that this was done by the NKVD" (Robert Walenciak: “The Cases of Andrzej Werblan”, Tygodnik Review 23-29.XII.2019)
"Currently, 30 years after the change of the system, the actuality of “Todays of stupidity in Poland” has increased dramatically. The political thoughts and ideas about the past were never so indivisibly criticized by Bocheński by the romantic-mesianist vision. The differences between the erstwhile position of walsudczykowski, Pepesian and Endecki have completely disappeared. Everything dominated the cult of armed struggle, uprisings, the worship of martyrdom. The governing soul parties, although their large success is due to peaceful agreement and geopolitics, are clearly disgusted with these roots.
The cult of “cursed soldiers” and “rusophobia” became their historical policy. At times, it seems that their model of patriotism would satisfy after 1945 a losing conflict with russian Russia and commune to the last Pole. Dmowski, specified a lost patriotism, branded as an anti-national crime. At the tallness of hypocrisy and lies are the tributes with which followers of this attitude rush to the monuments of Dmowski with flowers. Mr. Roman must be turning in his grave... It seems that we are discussing here the Conservative Pamphlet and the Endeka could service as an effective antidote to the counterfeits of the present historical policy. “Acts of stupidity...” full deserve to be introduced to school teaching” “There is foolishness, or foolishness. A book that president Duda surely didn't read”, Weekly NO 17-23 July 2020)
development. Łukasz Jastrzebski
