Museum of advanced Prussia in Morag [ Didn't I tell you? (31) ]

maciejsynak.blogspot.com 6 months ago

3 December 2024




Yes, J. G. Herdeger Museum in Morag from 1 December 2024 changed its name to Museum of advanced Prussia in Morag.


This message, given on fb, is illustrated by the winter view (at dusk? or at dawn??) The Castle of Bishops in Lidzbark Warmiński, built in the form of Teutonic Castles.


Bright on the west side, dark on the east side... did individual turn off the light?







The text I started writing on 3 December, and on 12 December this information appeared on the page (text besides below the picture):








Museum of advanced Prussia in Morąg, branch of Museum of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn.

The name defines the geographical and historical context of the cultural space as well as the possible area of interest and profile of the Moravian branch of the Museum of Warmia and Mazury.

The Museum in Morąg, located in the erstwhile Dohn Palace, is located on the lands referred to as advanced Prussia from the 15th century (Latin/German: Hockerland, German: Oberland) – 1 of 3 historical lands of the erstwhile Prusai region within Poland. This term, which is popularized in Polish historiography, thanks, among others, to Professors Marian Bishop and Gerard Labuda, refers to the interrelationship of Lower Vistula and Pasłęka, that is, the area between Warmia, Lower Powiśle and ethnographically defined Mazury. It is, by all means, correct and justified, frequently in public space replaced by terms of the kind "Western Mazury" or according to the criterion of division of Prussian tribes: Mechania, Pogeania, Sasinia.

The scope of the word advanced Prussia is worth restoring to memory and collective awareness. Exhibitions at the Museum of advanced Prussia will present exhibits, mostly connected geographically and historically with advanced Prussia. In the branches of our Museum, i.e. at the Bishops' Castle in Lidzbark Warmiński, at the Warmińska Chapter Castle in Olsztyn and the Museum of the home of “Gazeta Olsztynska” we show an exhibition powerfully highlighting the historical identity of the Polish Warmia.

At the Museum of advanced Prussia, we will show these interesting phenomena that took place in the current Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, but outside Warmia, with a strong emphasis on the past of Morąg and its surroundings. This will be a peculiar place where their home, a place as worthy as years ago, will find the most valuable art collections related to the cultural heritage of the region.




Back to my December 3 study...



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Intro title:

wiki:

In the 19th and early 20th centuries Upper Prussia divided in ethnographic terms into 2 areas:

German Prussia advanced (German: Deutch Oberland) – where the German population prevailed. Its northeastern part, or close Hockerland (including the Belt, Mills, Milakowo, Blueberry, Godkovo, Arcta and Maldite), was almost exclusively German-speaking, with tiny Dutch-speaking enclaves.

The western part (including Iława, Drusz, Prabuty, Zalewo, Kwidzyn, Kisielice, Gardej and Biskupice) together with the erstwhile Malborska land without Żuław (including Malbork, Sztum, Dzierzgon, Elbląg and Tolkmicko), was a strict Powiśle, besides inhabited by the Polish minority.


Polish Prussia Upper
(German: Polnisch Oberland) – were mostly inhabited by the Polish population, i.e. the Prussian Mazury (Szczytno, Wielbark, Miłomłyn, Nidzica, Dziadowo, Dąbróz, Olsztynek and Ostróda), hence present the area usually belongs to the western part of Mazury.









Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland and another Slavic countries, Volume VII, p. 322 (Warsaw, 1886).



A smooth border between these areas is determined by the erstwhile scope of the noise: Mazury and Ostródska, utilized by the Prussian mazury and considered by linguists to be a derivative of the Mazovia dialect of Polish.

On the another hand, the Polish number Powiśla utilized the Malborska Gwara in the area of Malborska land, and on the another areas with the Gwara: Kociewska and Chełmińsko-Dórzyński. Over the years, the influence of Polish language was decreasing, especially in cities.

The German population of advanced Prussia utilized high-prrussian dialect (German: Hochpreußisch), 1 of the dialects of the advanced German language.

The presence of the High-Prussian dialect indicated that the German population of advanced Prussia was mostly derived from settlers from Silesia who had come to this region of Prussia since the 13th century. This dialect utilized in advanced Prussia (called Oberländisch, Oberländisch, Oberland or advanced Prussia) is related to the Silesian German language. This distinguished the German-speaking population of advanced Prussia from the German-speaking residents of the remaining areas of Prussia, who mostly utilized the Lower Prussia dialect (German: Niederpreußisch).

The Benrack line demarcation of both dialects coincided about with the border between advanced Prussia and the lands of Malborska and Chełmina.


in the first wiki text there are links to the peculiar noises


Benrack line (German: Benrather Linie) – isogloss dividing the 3 main groups of German dialects: Lower- and High-German and Lower-Frankon dialects; it runs from Benrath (since 1929 territory of Düsseldorf) to Frankfurt nad Odra



Benrath line (maken–machen) and Spirit line (Appel–Apfel), the main isoglosss of continental West Germanic languages


In linguistics, the German line Benratha (German: Benrather Linie) is an isoglas maxen–machen: dialects north of the line have first /k/ in maken (do), while those in the south have fresh /x/ (machen).

The line runs from Aachen to the west through Benrath (to the south of Düsseldorf) to east Germany close Frankfurt nad Oder in the Berlin and Dessau area and through erstwhile East Prussia, dividing Lower-Russian dialect and Upper-Prussian dialect.

It's called the Benrath line, due to the fact that Benrath is the place where Ren crosses.

The advanced German displacement of consonants (from the III to the 9th century AD) in which the (north) dialects of the Lower German mostly did not participate influenced the confederate varieties of the continuum of the Western German dialects. This change is traditionally seen as a discrimination between advanced German and another West German languages.

The influence of the advanced German shift of consonants gradually increases towards the south. The Benratha line does not designate the northernmost effect of the displacement of advanced German consonants due to the fact that Uerdingen line, ik–ich isogloss, lies somewhat further north; and any peripheral changes associated with this shift affected the Lower German.


Isogloss, besides known as heterogloss, is the geographical limit of a certain linguistic characteristic, specified as vowel pronunciation, word meaning or the usage of any morphological or syntaxal characteristic.







Hockerland

Common (German: Pogesanien, prus. *Pagude) is an ancient tribal territory in historical Prussia.
Most of the territory of Pogezania, which has become part of advanced Prussia in the Princes' Prussia (Potrucific) is known as Hockerland (by the name of the legendary prince of Prussian Hoggo).


In the Royal Prussia (Polish) there were: the northern part of Pogezania with the cities Elbląg and Tolkmicko, which is part of the historical Malborese land (which covers the territory of the Malborese Voivodeship of the First Republic), and the ethnocultural part of Powiśla, as well as the land of Gudikus with the cities of Orneta and Dobry Miasto, which belongs both historically and ethnoculturally to Warmia.



So Morag was a city almost exclusively German-speaking.


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From the museum:




Johann Gottfried Herder — author and philosopher of history, large citizen Morag (1744-1803) — permanent exhibition 2010-07-14 00:00:00 (last act: 2023-07-28 14:38:39)


Biographical exposition by Johann Gottfried Herder, the most prominent resident of Morag, here born, deceased in Weimar is presented in 2 large halls And upstairs.

In Morag he spent the first 18 years of his life.


The exhibition was prepared by Nationale Forschungs- und Gedenkstätten der Klassischen Deutschen Literature in Weimar, now Stiftung Weimar Klassik. Its main warp is the main stages and places of the long stay of the humanist.

Herder's improvement stages are illustrated by exhibits depicting the full writing achievements, supplemented by artistic objects. There are respective portraits of Herder, the visions of the spouse, the most crucial persons, having a individual or spiritual relation with the philosopher. Immanuel Kant and Wolfgang Gothe are among them.

Ethnographic exhibits are besides presented, illustrating any of Herder's most crucial works: translations and editions of folk songs by various peoples of Europe and the planet having a profound impact on romanticist literature in Germany and Europe.

The peace-office of the student from the Weimary era was besides arranged, bringing together the climate in which his most crucial works were created. He studied doctrine and theology at the Royal. He was greatly influenced by Immanuel Kant and Johan Georg Hamann. He began his pastoral and teaching work in Riga. He besides published his first writing work there. He shortly went to France to "see the planet and find himself" - as he wrote.

In Strasbourg, he meets young Goethe, on whom the Herder's "Discussion on the Origin of the Language" had a immense impact. Namely, she directed the attention of future romantics to the function of ancient Greek, Old-Celtic or Old-Nordic poetry. After a short stay in Bückeburg, he settled for almost 30 years in Weimar, occupying advanced church offices.

There were his top works, including "Thinkings of the doctrine of History" and voices of nations in songs".

For Poles and all Slavs, a proceeding on Slavs in 1 of the volumes "Thinking of Philosophy" proved important, where he describes with large sympathy the culture and customs of this people.









wikipedia for Poles



Johann Gottfried von Herder (born August 25, 1744 in Morąg, 18 December 1803 in Weimar) is simply a German philosopher, pastor and author whose views have importantly influenced the subsequent improvement of the thought of the nation (the Volk concept) and the doctrine and past of culture. He was 1 of the weimar classics.




Herder was 1 of the first people to claim thatlanguage influences the logic and reasoning patterns of communities utilizing these languages*. He claimed that language is “an organ of expression”. However, this was frequently misunderstood. Neither Herder, nor any another large philosopher of language, Wilheim von Humboldt, claimed that language determines thought.

Rather, they claimed that the language annexed the outside planet within the human head through circumstantial symbols (merkmale). His argument was supported by an example from the works of Moses Medelssohn and Thomas Abbt.

In his conjecture he was narrating about human roots, in which language did not find thought, but nevertheless the first people tied sheep together and their crying or another object and related merkmale. To our anestors, the sheep was crying, and the crying was the sheep.

Herder went even further in his claims, claiming that since the active reflection (besonnenheit) and language stay in human consciousness, the human impulse to give meaning is necessarily linked to the past, present and future of the human species.


Herder's accomplishments inactive influence thinkers, linguists, and anthropologists. They have always been considered essential for the Sapira-Whorf hypothesis and Franz Boas' claims, as well as—which is simply a more fresh historical example—of Dell Hymes' anthropological studies. Herder's engagement in the survey of language and cultural traditions, as factors that specify the nation, besides included folklore, dances and folk music, as well as art, which inspired the Grimm brothers to make their Germanic anthology folk stories. possibly the top heir to Herder's reflection is Wilhelm von Humboldt. Humbolt's most crucial contribution is to make Herder's idea, according to which language is an organ of thought, in its own conviction, according to which language dictates a view of the world.

He paid peculiar attention to Herder's thought of nation and patriotism, claiming that "He who lost his patriotic spirit besides lost himself."

He besides claimed that there was only 1 state in the nation—a population that included everyone including the king. Yet, seeing the nation as one, he pointed to clear barriers between circumstantial nations.

These differences were dictated by education, tradition and cultural heritage. Herder appreciated primitive tribes by writing “the savages enjoying their own life, his wife and children in peaceful joy, limiting themselves to functioning exclusively within their tribe are the truer men than those who effort to prosecute the cultural heritage of all mankind in their operation.”


Following his journey to Ukraine, Herder wrote in his diary a supposition that the Slavic nations would 1 day become dominant forces in Europe, which would consequence in that, unlike Western countries, they would stay faithful to their culture, religion and ideals.

In addition, he concluded that the Hungarian people would be incarnated in time by the bordering Slavic countries; this thought was met with a very clear reaction to Hungary and is inactive quoted regularly to this day.






English wiki:


He was born in Mohrungen (now Morąg) in the Kingdom of Prussia, his parents were the teacher Gottfried Herder (1706–1763) and his wife Anna Elizabeth Herder, from the home of Peltz (1717–1772) grew up in a mediocre family, studying the Bible and his father's singer. In 1762, as a 17-year-old young man, he enrolled at the University of Köniwc, about 100 km north of Mohrungen, where he became a student of Immanuel Kant. At the same time, Herder became the intellectual protégé of Johann Georg Hamann, a royal philosopher who questioned the claims of pure secular reason.

Hamanna's influence prompted Herder to confess to his wife later in life that "I have besides small sense and besides much idiosyncrasy", But Herder may rightly claim that founded a fresh German school political thought.

[!!! - MS]

Though he was an unsocial individual himself, Herder had a profound influence on modern times. 1 of his friends wrote to him in 1785, praising his works as "inspired by God." A diverse group of theorists later found inspiration in Herder's temptingly incomplete ideas.

A varied field of theorists were later to find inspiration in Herder's tantalizingly incomplete ideas.

In 1769, Herder went by ship to the French port of Nantes and then to Paris. This resulted in both the relation with his journey and the change of his own concept of himself as the author. In 1770, Herder left for Strasbourg, where he met young Goethe.

This event proved to be a crucial minute in German literature history, as Goethe was inspired by Herder's literary criticism to make his own style. Goethe was inspired by Herder's literary criticism to make his own style.This can be considered as the beginning of the movement Sturm und Drang.


At the end of his career Herder supported the French RevolutionWhich brought him hostility from many colleagues. His unpopular attacks on Kant's doctrine were another reason for his isolation in later years.


In 1772, Herder published Treaty on the Origin of Languages and went further in this promotion of the language than his earlier anti-French warrant to "pull the ugly sludge out of the Seine. talk German, talk German."



1772 was the date of the first partition erstwhile Prussia took the Pomerania of Gdańsk with Warmia



Morąg in Prussia in 1772, lay close the border with Warmia belonging to the Kingdom of Poland (Warmia visible on the map with the city of Lidzbark)


You cannot find in the first approach on the net a "normal" map of the First Republic - always either it is decorated with colours for voivodships, or Lithuania is specified in a separate color, or it is with the addition: "and lands later lost". There's no normal. But if you type Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth,You'll find something...




Lands seized by Prussia in 1772.





Herder's doctrine was profoundly subjective, emphasising the influence of physical and historical circumstances on human development, stressing that "you gotta enter an era, into a region, into the full past and sense your way to everything". Historian should be a "reborn contemporary" past, and history by learning as a "tool of the truest patriotic spirit".

Germany did not have a national state until the 19th century. Those who spoke Germanic languages lived in politically unrelated countries and groups.

Herder was 1 of the first German intellectuals to They created the foundations of German unity of cultural and German national consciousness based mainly on German language and literature.

While rationality was the primary value of Enlightenment philosophers, Herder's appeal to sentiment places him in German romanticism.

He gave the Germans fresh pride of their origin, modifying the dominance of respect attributed to Greek art (Greek revival), praised among others by Johann Joachim Winckelmann and Gotthold Ephraim Lessing.

He pointed out that he would like to be born in the mediate Ages and wondered if "the days of the Kraut Emperors" "don't deserve to be shown in their actual light, according to the German way of thinking?".

Herder identified the Germans with Gothic and favored Dürer and everything Gothic.

As in the art sphere, he besides preached a national message in the language sphere. He was at the head of a line of German authors from Martin Opitz, who wrote in Latin in 1617, sive de contemptu linguae Teutonicae, urging the Germans to boast of their despised language. Herder's extended collections of folk poesy began a large madness in Germany on this neglected subject.



Herder was 1 of the first to claim that language contributes to shaping the framework and patterns by which each linguistic community thought and felt.



To Herder, language is "the head organ." However, this is frequently misinterpreted. Neither Herder nor the large philosopher of language, Wilhelm von Humboldt, claim that language (written or oral) determines thinking.
The language was alternatively the proprietary of the outside planet in the human head with distinctive signs (merkmale).

In formulating his arguments, Herder redrafted an example from the works of Moses Mendelssohn and Thomas Abbt. In his hypothetical communicative of the origin of man, Herrer argued that although language morphs and logograms did not find thinking, the first people saw sheep and their crying, or subjects and corresponding Merkmale, as 1 and the same.

It means that for these expected ancestors sheep were weeping sheep and vice versa. Hence, prelingual thought was not mostly in herder narrations likely.

Herder went even beyond his communicative of the origin of man, claiming that if an active reflection (besonnenheit) and language survived in human consciousness, then human impulses to mark were immanent in the past, present and future of humanity.

Avi Lifschitz then rephrased Herder's quote of "an organ of thought": "The alignment of words and ideas, language and knowledge, by Herder, prompted a further attack on any attribution of first words to natural sounds, physiology of voice organs or social conventions... [Herder argued] for the linguistic character of our knowledge, but besides for the cognitive nature of the human language.

You couldn't think without language, as the different Enlightenment thinkers claimed, but at the same time you couldn't talk decently without seeing the planet in a circumstantial human way...

Man would not be himself without language and active reflection, and language deserves its name only as a cognitive aspect of the full man.

[We remember Germanization and the fight against Polish language under the partitions - MS]

In consequence to the criticism of these claims, Herder resisted describing his findings as a "presumable" past, presenting his arguments for the deficiency of cognition in humans and "the problem of language origin as a synchronous issue alternatively than a diachronic one".


And in that sense, erstwhile Humboldt claims that all reasoning is language thinking, it perpetuates Herder's tradition. Herder further developed the selected concepts of the countless "authentic" concepts of Völk and the unity of the individual and natural law, which became a feed for his self-proclaimed students in the 20th century. Herder ideas proceed to influence thinkers, linguists and anthropologists, and are frequently considered crucial for the Sapira-Whorf hypothesis and the combination of comparative linguistics and historical particularism by Franz Boas with the neo-Kantov/herderovian four-field approach to the survey of all cultures, as well as, more recently, Dell Hymes' anthropological studies.


Herder attached peculiar importance to the concept of nationality and patriotism – "he who has lost his patriotic spirit loses himself and all the worlds around him", while teaching that "in a sense all human perfection is national."

Herder led the folk explanation to extremes, claiming that "there is only 1 class in the state, a folk people (not a mob), and the king belongs to this class as well as a peasant." The explanation that Volk was not a mob was an innovative concept in this era, and in the case of Herder, the appearance of a "people" can be seen as the basis for the emergence of a classless but hierarchical national body.


The nation, however, was individual and distinct, distinguished by Herder's climate, education, alien relations, tradition and inheritance. He praised Providence for having "wonderfully separated nationalities not only by forests and mountains, seas and deserts, rivers and climates, but above all by language, inclinations and characters."

Herrer praised the tribal worldview, writing that "the chaotic ones who love themselves, their wife and their kid silently joy and radiates limited activity of their tribe as for their own life, is in my opinion a more real being than that educated shadow, which is delighted by the shadow of the full species", isolated due to the fact that "every nationality contains its center of happiness; like a bullet of the centre of gravity."

After his journey to Ukraine, Herder recorded in his diary a prophecy (Journal meiner Reise im Jahre 1769) that the Slavic nations would 1 day become a actual power in Europe, while Western Europeans would reject Christianity and rot, while east European nations would hold their religion and their idealism and thus become a power in Europe.

More specifically, he praised "beautiful sky, carefree temperament, musical talent, fertile soil, etc. 1 day a cultural nation will awaken there, whose influences will expand... around the world."


So before "someday" wakes up, for now, is there a carefree idealism-abiding uncultured mob that can be robbed?

Is this about the Ukrainian peasantry bound to the ground?

The Republic of Poland was at the tallness of its territorial achievements at that time, so was it the announcement of the partitions? Why "real power"?

Poland was (now) Power.

3 years before the First Partition of the Peoples of I of the Republic of Poland writes that " someday" One day they will become a real power in Europe.

Maybe he writes about Germany (Prussian) - in mention to what he saw in Ukraine?

It may be that he himself observed there - but alternatively individual told him about it and showed it - the first German-controlled actions directed to make a "Ukrainian nation" - separatist movements which were expected to cut the Republic?

So it was no "prediction" but cognition of secret actions German on Polish Ukraine.



Do you remember that from the beginning of my activity I have paid attention to various "predictions" on the net about the future of Poland and Europe?

Now you can see this method on your hand.


And then...



One of his prophecies was that the Hungarian people would vanish and be assimilated by the Slavic peoples around him; This prophecy has provoked considerable outrage in Hungary and is widely cited to this day.


This in turn may mention to German plans towards Poland, not Hungary, that Poles will disappear, as Forster later said - "In 10 years, not a single Pole will stay in this land."






November 20, 2024 - disappearing musum?
Switching to a German store??





This question was further developed by Herder's lamentation that Martin Luther did not establish a national church, and his doubts, whether the Germans did not buy Christianity for besides advanced a price, which is actual nationality.



What did I tell you?

"real nationality" read: "own business"


Because the "price" was besides high, hence softening the "trouble" of Christianity in the form of Protestantism!

The Western sieve treated Christianity as a method of conquest.

In the first stage, it was most likely more easy digestible for Slavs Cyril-Methodianism (and God-milians), then in the east converted into an Orthodox church.

The Teutoni, pretending to be Christians with the sword, imposed upon the Slavs their version of the principles (the Law) which the Slavs have cultivated in their lives for centuries, and which they most likely received straight from John the Creator.


LAW - for wiki:

Order of the infirmary of the Virgin Mary of the German home in Jerusalem (Lat. Ordo home Sanctae Mariae Theutonicorum, German Orden der Brüder vom Deutschen Haus Sankt Mariens in Jerusalem),

Order (hebr. תורה (track), gr. νόμος (nomos), The Law) – the Biblical definition of the Law given to the Jews by God. The word Law is an archaic utilized in any Bible translations.
The word of the Law in the fresh translations has been replaced by the word Law.

etymology of the word order:
the order, ‘rule’; the ‘mniches’, according to their regulation (“Dominican Order”); the religious, ‘regularis’, the religious, the nuns; the order of translators and the ‘Testament’ (the old-fashioned, the books and the people); already in the Praslavian with the meaning of ‘right’, that is, what a horse (i.e. ‘beginning’), happens, at the end;
The Law and the Conquest stand side by side, how to begin, begin, and conceive, the beginning; the conqueror as much as the “chain” (the governor) in the Apostle's ancient translation; all from the horse, “the beginning” (and “the end”).


law is something that defines from beginning to end,
It's something that's at the beginning, until the end.


Raw – the deity described by Helmold. According to the chronicler's account, Prowe was to be worshipped on the old-garden land of Wagria along with Grey and Radogost, being 1 of the first and most crucial deities.

The sacred oak grove was dedicated to him, where courts were held all Monday. Helmold clearly emphasizes that Prowe, unlike another deities, did not own his statue


So the impostor Helmold converted Slavic Law into a PROWE idol (thanks to this remark push.24.pl !), which:

- he didn't have a statue due to the fact that it was a set of rules, not a character.
- THE law was "honored" or respected as the most crucial set of principles of surviving in the community
- courts of a tiny own place - holy, means very crucial oak grove, where the law was judged
- The law was the most crucial thing!

Today, the planet and global order are divided into:

"Rule-based global order"
"international order based on law"

Is that so?




It is characteristic that, by the whip of Methodius on the Synod of Bishops in 870, Hermanrich, Bishop of Passau, did not accuse him of introducing Slavic language into the liturgy,
But depriving the German hierarchy of income that Slavic areas have given.
Krakow in the 3rd Rome




And all of this under the Law, and so the crusaders cast a sword upon the disobedient due to the fact that they were themselves the Law, or ZAKON... yes? Is that so?



When it was no longer essential to pretend to be Christians, the Teutonic Knights declared themselves a secular state, and after the Partition of the Republic - they openly erased, liquidated the monasteries by taking possessions.

If anyone thinks I'm wrong, correct me in a comment.


And then:



Herder's Patriotism sometimes bordered on national pantheism, demanding territorial unity due to the fact that "he deserves the glory and gratitude of the 1 who seeks to advance the unity of German territories through writings, manufactures and institutions" And it sounded even deeper:

But now! I cry again, my German brothers! But now! The remnants of all actual folk thought fall into the abyss of oblivion with the last accelerated momentum. For the last century, we have been ashamed of everything that concerns our homeland.


In his work The Ideas of doctrine and Human History, he wrote, "Let us compare England with Germany: the English are Germans and even in fresh times the Germans have paved paths for the English in the top things."



Herder, who hated absolutism and Prussian nationalism, but was permeated by the spirit of the full German Volk, yet as a historian of past he turned distant from the thought of the 18th century.

Trying to reconcile his thought with that earlier era, Herrer sought to harmonize his notion of feeling with the reasoning that all cognition is contained in the soul; The most basic phase is sensory and intuitive perception, which through improvement can become self-evident and rational. To Herder, this improvement is the harmony of primary and derivative truth, experience and intelligence, feeling and reasoning.

Herder is the first of a long scope of Germans absorbed by this harmony. Searching the same in itself are key to knowing many German theories of the time;

However, Herrer understood and feared the extremes to which his folk explanation might have been heading, and so issued circumstantial warnings.

He claimed that Jews in Germany should enjoy the rights and duties of Germans, and that non-Jews in the planet have a debt to Jews for centuries of abuse, and that this debt can only be repaid by actively helping those Jews who want to do so, to regain political sovereignty in their ancient homeland of Israel.

Herder refused to adhere to a rigid racial theory, writing that "regardless of the diversity of human form, there is only 1 and the same species of man all over the earth."

He besides stated that "national glory is simply a deceptive seducer. erstwhile it reaches a certain height, it grabs its head with an iron band. The closed sees nothing but his own image; He is not susceptible to any abroad impressions."


The passage of time was to show that while many Germans were to find influence on Herder's beliefs and influences, less people pointed out his objections.

He emphasized that his concept of the nation encourages democracy and the free expression of the identity of the people. He announced his support for the French Revolution, which did not favour the royal family. It besides differed with Kant's philosophy, which did not place reasoning in the context of language. Herder did not think that reason in itself could be criticized due to the fact that it does not be another than as a process of reasoning. This process was dependent on the language. He besides turned distant from the Sturm und Drang movement to return to Shakespeare and Homer's poems.

To advance his concept of Volk, he published letters and collected folk songs. The second were published in 1773 as People's Voices in their songs (Stimmen der Völker in ihren Liedern). Poeci Achim von Arnim and Clemens von Brentano later utilized Stimmen der Völker as samples for the Magic Corner of the Boy (Des Knaben Wunderhorn).


Herder besides promoted the perfect of individuality of a person. Although from the very beginning he advocated the individuality of cultures—for example, in His work This besides a doctrine of past for the Formation of Humanity (1774)—he besides defended individuals' individuality within culture; for example, in His Writings Thomas Abbt (1768) and On the cognition and Sense of the Human Soul (1778).

In his work on Thomas Abbt Herder's writings, he stated that "the human soul is an individual in the head sphere: it feels according to individual formation and thoughts according to the strength of its intellectual organs. ... My long allegory has been successful if she managed to represent the head of a man as an individual phenomenon, as a rarity that deserves to occupy our eyes.



-------

comment on the above


He announced his support for the French Revolution, which did not favour the royal family.

Well, it was a massacre of taking over - see the Holocaust in Slavs




The search itself is the key to knowing many German theories of the time

I don't know. Very on the origin and character, methods of German Nazism:

However, Herrer understood and feared the extremes to which his folk explanation might have been heading, and so issued circumstantial warnings.

He claimed that Jews in Germany should enjoy their rights and duties Germans, and that non-Jews in the planet have a debt to Jews for centuries abuse, and that this debt can only be repaid through active assistance to those Jews who want it, in regaining political sovereignty in their ancient homeland of Israel.

Herder refused to adhere to a rigid racial theory, writing that "regardless of the diversity of human form, there is only 1 and the same species of man all over the earth."

He besides stated that "national glory is simply a deceptive seducer. erstwhile it reaches a certain height, it grabs its head with an iron band. The closed sees nothing but his own image; He is not susceptible to any abroad impressions."

And that's precisely what the Nazis utilized in their authoritative rhetoric.

The passage of time was to show that while many Germans were to find influence on Herder's beliefs and influences, less people pointed out his objections.

Is Herder deliberately giving Germany the method of pWhat's that?

I wondered why in Morąg there was a museum of his name, I knew that he was any philosopher and poet associated with this land, but until present I did not check who he was and what he presented in his writings.

And it would be the first Nazi...



Years ago I read an article in which the author argued that in the emergence of global communism inielki contribution was made by a little-known Italian communist Antonio Gramsci (liveau 1891- I'm sorry.1937), whose theories yet passed the examination in establishing the USSR and .... EU:

Gramsci: "The way to change does not lead through revolutionary upheaval, but requires a long period of creation of cultural hegemony – a common platform of ideas and ideas combining intellectuals with the people."

But that sounds like Herder...

Most The basic phase is sensory and intuitive perception, which through development It can become self-confident and rational.


In another words - this is simply a method of tiny steps, a method of habits utilized by Germany - we remember the term: "common national consciousness"? (link at the end of the post)

"a common platform ideas and ideas connecting Poles to Germany

a in wiki above:

Herder was 1 of the first German intellectuals to They created the foundations of German unity of cultural and German national consciousness based mainly on German language and literature.

Verwolf tries to influence people by influencing their common reasoning of reality (on common) through the misuse of media and cultural transmission - media including the net and its wikipedia and pro-German forums, and even control - rumors, what people say among themselves, how they treat themselves, what they think of themselves...

the impact on: sensory and intuitive perception - I'm sorry. a common platform of ideas and ideas .

I mention to the word "poority" - what will be next.


It seems that in fact - Herder's writings influenced the emergence (?) and improvement of the Nazi as a circumstantial form of German nationalism.

Herder's comments were utilized to make methods of cultural conquest.


Gramsci may besides have utilized his writings.










-------------


Comments under the Museum's post informing about the change.










Editable version of the elaborate of 1 of the commenters...

The same threads as usual in pro-German texts on various forums - stylized on sentimentality gibberish, filled with short content that is to be recorded in the brain - It's just classical German brainwashing



Mariusz Siwierski

And to remind you, Morag's communicative does not begin in 1945, destiny and people have caused both borders, nations, religions, and states to change on these lands.
Living in the present, You gotta respect what's past, what's associated with these lands, their history, traditions, culture, cutting off from what's wrong, forcedBut we must admit the fact of past that specified events have taken place, possibly they are an unpleasant souvenir, But even by erasing them, we can't make it so that they never existed here.It didn't happen. due to the fact that even what was destroyed existed, due to the fact that erstwhile there is no physical trace, somewhere in the distance it will find even a evidence of this fact, even if it was just a legend...

History knows specified cases - specified as the Gardens of Babylon, or 7 Wonders of the World...
History has made us host these lands today, But that doesn't mean you gotta talk bad about the erstwhile hosts. Or forget them completely. due to the fact that if We will reject prejudice and nationalismAnd we're going to look at what another nations have brought here, and we have a wealth of past and tradition that is universal, although it has its specificity and shape.
Once upon a time what is now will be the past and we would most likely want to build, create, leave - another generations or nations respect and guarantee that cultural heritage survives for others.

Therefore, 1 takes care of monuments, a culture that does not have in the evaluation, (what to keep and what not) in itself approval for specified or another behaviors, ideological choices. He doesn't follow his emotions, he records certain events, time, work. Emotion and delight is the work of people and besides the evaluation of history, which sees what is average and what is extraordinary, outstanding work.
So it focuses on what the work of past has to say, about the people and the times in which they lived.

That's why we're fascinated by Ancient Rome, but besides the open-air museum, we're looking for treasures to find them in the museum, we're curious in the past of Mayans and Inca, as well as our history.
The worst thing is what can happen if individual tries to erase a part or a full story, for various reasons, specified as a watercolor artist from Austria.

Of course, past shows that erstwhile people destruct another cultures, by destroying, removing monuments, documents, people, historical names is nothing good. It's barbaric... due to the fact that you can't build a further communicative by erasing its beginning, due to the fact that it's going to be a non-real image, it's going to be a missing, essential component without which everything else has no taste.
History is not easy, it records events but besides collects what was. 1 could come up with a fresh name for these lands, but it would besides be essential to change the name of all localities, which are mostly translated into Polish from the erstwhile name, in German. due to the fact that German lands were here until 1945...

It is simply a hard and painful experience for all nation that loses its homeland, its culture, its place on earth...

Previous residents lost these lands and had to leave this place. Wars always bring destruction, on all levels. We, too, have akin experiences in our history, specified as the East Crests, and we have lost land there, which was a homeland for many nations, generations, their culture, heritage, monuments, faith, etc. all nation, even if it is no longer there, on its erstwhile lands, which would have left this part of the common, fresh history, not destroyed, but was a common good, was what is part of the destiny and events of these past, modern and future...




But we must admit the fact of past that specified events have occurred - babbling

And we'd most likely want us to build it, make it, leave it -- another generations. or nations respected - Are you prophesying that another nation will be here?


Examples of brainwashing:

Therefore, 1 takes care of monuments, a culture that does not have in the evaluation, (what to keep and what not) in itself approval for specified or another behaviors, ideological choices. He doesn't follow his emotions, he records certain events, time, work. Emotion and delight is the work of people and besides the evaluation of history, which sees what is average and what is extraordinary, outstanding work.


That is why 1 takes care of monuments, a culture that does not have (what to keep and what not) in itself approval for specified or another behaviors, ideological choices - I'll delete the sentence, the unnecessary words... :

That's why we care about a culture that doesn't have approval for specified or another behaviors, ideological choices - whitening of Germans


The worst thing is what can happen if individual tries to erase a part or a full story, for different reasons-- A veiled threat? It's not the first time I've seen anything like this, first a list of dead bodies and then a veiled informing in a comment to her...

And so on, babbling about why we should cultivate a man


History is not easy, it records events but besides collects what was. 1 could come up with a fresh name for these lands, but it would besides be essential to change the name of all localities, which are mostly translated into Polish from the erstwhile name, in German. due to the fact that German lands were here until 1945...
It is simply a hard and painful experience for all nation that loses its homeland, its culture, its place on earth...

You're giving us a circumstantial task for us, spazologically to the Slavic head, telling us:

To come up with the name of these lands, it would be good to change the name of all the towns, from the erstwhile name

He besides expresses compassion for us:

It is simply a hard and painful experience for all nation that loses its homeland, its culture, its place on earth...

That's in his opinion. We lose our homeland, our culture and our place on Earth, and he adds that if we resist, then ...

Wars always bring destruction, on all levels.


and beyond.

We have lost the land that was home to many nations, generations, its culture, heritage, monuments, faith, etc.

Have we lost religion too? Or are we just gonna lose?
and ambiguous:


Every nation, even if it is no longer there, on its erstwhile lands, which would have left this part of the common, fresh history, not destroyed, but was a common good, was what is part of the destiny and events of these past, modern and future...




A nation is no longer on its erstwhile lands,
If it wasn't destroyed, but it was a common good, it was part of destiny and events.


I mean, "you don't truly be anymore, but you don't want to be destroyed, and you want to be part of what is to be common here and part of a policy created by Germans in the future."


to the Slavic head




Dohn Palace in Morag - now Museum of advanced Prussia in Morag





What is this colloquiality I'm writing about?



Let's remember the scene from the movie "Yourself" erstwhile Wicia buys a cat in the market.


First the clerk says the cat comes from central Poland.


When we look at the map of the Second Polish Republic, the central Poland would be somewhere close Radzyń Podlaskie, or Lublin. And so the issue falling from the screen in 1967 could be read by pre-war people, i.e. those increasing up in the Second Republic of Poland and remembering specified a state.


In the background of this scene, a conversation that "can't be chosen - you'll be elected", which may be a hint to the unilateral decision of the Allies to take distant our east Borders.


And after a while it comes to the message that the cat "from the city of Łódź comes"which changes the geography of Poland to post-war - due to the fact that now Łódź is located centrally on the map of Poland.

So the text concerns the realities of the Polish People's Republic, not the Second Republic.


Not directly, so "by the way" of the comic scene in the movie (culture) gives people certain content about which people want to learn". It builds up in the nation - deliberately - certain facts, so that people will view these facts as something obvious.


For me, a boy from the 1980s it was average that central Poland was The area of Łódź, and for people in the 1950s it was an aberration.

This exchange of views in the movie was surely not accidental, and it was precisely there to advance the belief that central Poland is the city of Łódź.


That's what the commonwealth is all about.
Do we realize what I mean?

The Polish centre for any is Radzyń, and for others it is Łódź. It is about spreading the message about Łódź, so as to erase from the memory of fresh generations what the parents of their grandparents tell them, that Poland is more than PRL.



This is the same procedure as the PKWN Manifesto, which means

a call to the Polish people announced on 22 July 1944. The city of Chełm was given as the place of the announcement.



And even wikipedia replicates this method as you can see in the quote above.

It should be noted that it was announced in the city I wanted this to be written in people's memory, due to the fact that the liberation of Poland should start, for example, in Tarnopol or in Lviv, due to the fact that they were pre-war Polish cities first "liberated", before Chełm. The Wikipediaist ignores this fact. Or is he acting under the influence of the method?


Of course there was a evidence of the Kresach, but the Manifesto was conceived as a propaganda object, utilized later without going into detail.


I learned from the book of past and atlas in which it was marked, compose that first liberated by the Red Army The Polish city was Chełm.

The war continued, and they had already determined what was Polish and what was not.

In this way, the fact of the existence of another borders of Poland before the Second War conflict was erased from consciousness, and it acted as if on a "by the way", not directly, as something obvious.




As I noticed above, wikipedia besides places maps of the Polish Kingdom pieced together into voivodships, or with a division into Crown and Lithuania - besides intentionally (?), and in any case it fits the method so that people in Poland do not think about the size of the state, about how large Poland was, and so on what the consequence was, what the power utilized to be.



That's what the commonwealth is all about.

I know it's not explained enough. I'm inactive wondering how to put it.
















www.youtube.com/embed/0DLoaIkEMEA



* Oh, my God * Herder was 1 of the first people to claim that language influences logic and reasoning patternsthe communities utilizing the languages.

compare to: Right Eye: Media Theory



More about the city of Morag - wikipedia for Poles



Blueberry (German: Mohrungen) is simply a town in Ostród County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. The seat of the municipality of Morąg.


Around 1280 Elbląski Komturists started building a wooden guardhouse here, over the later dried Moraskie Lake. The castle was most likely erected on the site of an old Prussian settlement.


English wiki:
In the mediate Ages there was an old Prussian settlement called Mawrin, Maurine or Morin. The fresh city was built in its place by Teutonic invaders after the demolition of the first settlement in the late 13th century.



The building of the church was completed in 1331, in 1370 the wooden guardhouse was rebuilt into a brick fortress. A town hall was built in the mediate of the marketplace (Gothic, most likely already in the 15th century).

In 1410 Morąg was occupied by the troops of Władysław Jagiełła, who from Grunwald headed for Malbork. During the Polish-Truthian War (called "hungry"), in 1414 the city was burned.

From 1440, Morąg was a associate of the Anti-Tructic Prussian Union. In 1454 the Prusai Union declared obedience to the Order and surrendered Prussia to the Polish king. The unionists seized the castle in Morąg before 22 February 1454 and in June that year in Elbląg the town paid tribute to Kazimierz Jagiellończyk. However, in 1461 the city was occupied by the armies of the Order.

After the Thirteen Years' War, since 1466, the city remained in the Order Prussia, which constituted the lenna of Poland. In 1470 in Morąg (probably on a Moravian castle) the large master of the Teutonic Order Henry VI Reuss von Plauen died.

After secularization in 1525 Morąg belonged to Prince Prussia, which until 1657 constituted the lenna of Poland.

The location of Morąg on the transport way and the proximity of Poland caused the influx of Polish people to the city from the 16th century. In the 17th century, the Ostrodzka Gate was besides called the Polish Gate, while the suburb that was built behind this gate (long the road to Ostróda and Olsztyn) was called the Polish Suburb.

English wiki:
After the conflict of Grunwald in 1410, the victorious Polish-Lithuanian troops occupied the city and castle without a fight. During Polish-Crutsk Hunger War Mohrungen was completely burned in 1414. In 1440, the city joined the anti-Crucian Prusian Union, at the request of which King Kazimierz Jagiellończyk signed in 1454 the act of joining the Polish Kingdom.

At the beginning of the next 13-year war, citizens sided with Poland and on 11 June 1454 in Elbląg (Elbląg) the city took an oath of allegiance to the Polish king. The city fought against the Teutonic Order in the war from 1454 to 1466. Reflected by the Elbląg Komture of Heinrich Reuß von Plauen in 1461, the city became its seat as a substitute for the large master.

The command of the city was entrusted to Ertman von Kirchberg, who oppressed the residents. After the peace treaty signed in Toruń in 1466, the city was found within the borders of Poland as lenna Teutonic.

During the Polish-Krzyback war in 1519–21 Morąg was again captured by Poland in 1520, after the local commander, the Czech heavyweight Wurgel Drahnicky, who wanted to defend the castle, was forced to surrender to Poles by townsmen and his own troops.
After The Protestant Reformation and Secularization of the Order State in 1525 became part of the Prince's Prussia, remaining Polish lenna until 1657.

The estates belonged to Colonel Peter von Dohn (1483–1553), master of Schlobitten, whose boy Achatius von Dohn (1533–1619) had the castle erected. Peter's grandson, Christopher von Dohn (1583–1637), became celebrated as a student and politician of the Duchy of Orania during the 30 Years' War. Built in Baroque kind in the early 18th century, Dohn's palace is now utilized as a museum.

Mohrungen was devastated again during the Polish-Swedish War in 1626. From 1701, he was part of the Kingdom of Prussia under King Frederick I. From 1752, he remained the seat of the local administration, the territory of Mohrungen (powiat Morąg). Despite the fact that from 1657 it was outside of the Polish sovereignty, in the 18th century the town and its surroundings were inhabited by Poles, and the city was due to trade routes connecting with Poland. The town was surrounded by Polish territory.

During planet War II, any of the Poles expelled from Mazowsza were hired by the Germans for forced labour in the vicinity of the city. It was occupied by forces of the russian Red Army of the 2nd Belarusian Front during the East Oprus offensive on 23 January 1945. After the Second planet War, the remaining population was displaced and the city became part of the reborn Republic under the Pom-dam Pact, from which the historical Polish name Morag was given. The town housed a garrison of the Polish Army.



In Morąg he worked as a teacher of Polish Lutheran clergy, Fr. Lorenzo Rast.

Here he was born, lived and created by Johann Herder, a prominent German author and philosopher.
Carl Leopold Lohmeyer, a German pharmacist, was besides born in Morąg, the author of the first printed guide to the Tatras (issued in Nysa in 1842).

Józef Ignacy Kraszewski, the most ferocious Polish writer, author of Old Fairy Tales, was besides present here, who placed the action of many of his historical books in Morąg.

The deceased in Morąg Zbigniew Nienacki referred in his novels to the city, in the Moravian City Hall there is an crucial subject of the fresh Mr.

Reinhold von Thadden, a simplestant, a associate of the professing church, founder of the postwar Kirchentag was born in Morag.







The museum operates min. on the basis of organizational regulations.


"In accordance with the Rules of Organization of the Museum of Warmia and Mazury in force since 1 December 2024 Division renamed "








Who decided to change the name Muzem?

I don't know.

For now, I wonder whether objectively this fresh name can be defended or not.


As you can see from the comments, I am not the only 1 who associate the name Prusai primarily with a German - means he associates badly...


On the basis of observations from this post, it can be said that the resignation of J. G. Herdeger as the patron saint of the Museum is simply a very good move.


You can see that this character has miswritten in the past of Poland, but of course it would be essential to carry out careful investigation to show this clearly, or at least to strengthen the circumstantial evidence shown above by me.


I think that the concept of Prussia, even though there were Royal Prussia - as part of Poland, everyone is associated with a German, so I would only see the dissemination of this name in the case of:

- to destruct Verwolf

- the liquidation of the German State


and in the final way


so as to bury erstwhile and for all the relation between Prussia and Germany, and above all the threat of German aggression - then you can freely return to the concept of advanced Prussia, etc...


We talk about Polish Royal Prussia in the media not enough, and the German 1 glued to Prussia is so dense on this term...




Once more Museum:

The scope of the word advanced Prussia is worth restoring to memory and collective awareness. Exhibitions at the Museum of advanced Prussia will present exhibits, mostly connected geographically and historically with advanced Prussia. In the branches of our Museum, i.e. at the Bishops' Castle in Lidzbark Warmiński, at the Warmińska Chapter Castle in Olsztyn and the Museum of the home of “Gazeta Olsztynska” we show an exhibition powerfully highlighting the historical identity of the Polish Warmia.

At the Museum of advanced Prussia, we will show these interesting phenomena that took place in the current Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, but outside Warmia, with a strong emphasis on the past of Morąg and its surroundings. This will be a peculiar place where their home, a place as worthy as years ago, will find the most valuable art collections related to the cultural heritage of the region.



Well, we'll see...





I wanted to remind you of a prophecy...


They will rebuild against the prophecy

Malbork besides has an extraordinary legend about the curse. At the advanced Castle in the interior of the east façade of the Church of the Blessed parent of God, there was a immense figure of the parent of God with the kid on his hand, made of stucco. The character was covered by a mosaic made by Venice champions And - as the sunlight reflected from it - it shone in all the colors of the rainbow.

- The figure was created in 1340 and From the beginning it was a symbol of the Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary and the town of Malborka - says guide and inventor of the reconstruction of Piotr Topolski.
It was said that whoever raised his hand to the Order and the figure of the Blessed Virgin Mary would lose his life. An example is the communicative of the canner. It is said that in 1410, after the victorious conflict of Grunwald, the Polish army besieged the fortress, the canary Jagiełła pointed the bombard at Madonna's figure. But he failed to fire the cannon, due to the fact that abruptly he was blind.

The old prophecy said that as long as the figure stood, German would reign on these lands, and the land would stay under German control. The prophecy is fulfilled At the end of planet War II, erstwhile the tower of the advanced Castle collapsed, and the complex ammunition there exploded by damaging the figure and... German regulation ended.

Five years ago, Malborese guides founded Mater Dei, which seeks to reconstruct the figure, which is expected to cost about a million zlotys. So far, a banner has been placed in her place And... Nothing bad happened.




Mater Dei's figure again stood "in its place", so "the prophecy has been fulfilled", due to the fact that following this blog we know about the actions of Werwolf and we guess their plans in which .... These areas will stay under German control.


I think individual knew about Werwolf - they themselves - and invented an "old prophecy" for their needs - to brainwash Poles, but besides to their own delight...







And besides...


It's not the parent of God.










------------------------




The Museum of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn operates on the basis of:

Act of 21 November 1996 on museums (Journal of Laws of 2012, item 987), hereinafter referred to as the Museum Act;

Act of 23 July 2003 on the protection of monuments and the care of monuments (Journal of Laws of 2003 No. 162, item 1568, as amended);

Act of 25 October 1991 on organizing and conducting cultural activities (Journal of Laws 2012 item 406);

the Statute of the Museum of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn;

Organizational Regulations of the Museum of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn.





Annexes

Statute of the Museum of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
format: pdf, size: 125.08 KB, date added: 31-01-2022 12:00:00
Organisational structure of the Museum
format: pdf, size: 71.79 KB, date added: 01-12-2024 22:08:17


Organizational Rules Museum
format: pdf, size: 622.42 KB, date added: 01-12-2024 22:08:17




bipmwim.warmia.mazury.pl/attachment/information/2606/cbd210e01cce5ed69b7462b501bd6ccc72bd38.html

bipmwim.warmia.mazury.pl/5004/status-right.html




Organisational rules

Museum of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn


Chapter 6

Final provisions § 26.


1. The detailed scope of the staff tasks shall be determined by the individual scope of the staff activities.

2. Organisation and order of work and the related rights of employers and workers Staff Regulations established by the manager by Order.

3. The provisions of the Rules of Procedure may be amended in accordance with the arrangements in force.

4. The Rules of Procedure shall enter into force on the day on which the manager gives it, after consulting the opinion of the Organizer and the trade union organisation.







At 1 time, the Herdeger Museum was "visited" by Mr.




Stage text:

3 December
6 December
12 December
13 December









pl.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prusy_Top

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sturm_und_Drang

== sync, corrected by elderman ==

pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zakon_(Bible)

pl.wikisource.org/wiki/English/English/English



Johann Gottfried Herder — author and philosopher of history, large citizen Morag (1744–1803) — permanent exhibition | morag.museum.olsztyn.pl

Warmiński Bishops' Castle in Lidzbark Warmiński – Wikipedia, free encyclopedia

Johann Gottfried Herder – Wikipedia, free encyclopedia

Benracka Line - Wikipedia, free encyclopedia

Benrath Line – Wikipedia, free encyclopedia

Isogloss – Wikipedia, free encyclopedia

Benrath Line – Wikipedia, free encyclopedia

Morag – Wikipedia, free encyclopedia



Museum Facebook page

pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotr_Żuchowski



File:Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1772.PNG – Wikitravel, free travel guide

Polish partitions – Wikipedia, free encyclopedia

I demolish Poland – Wikipedia, free encyclopedia



Right Eye: Krakow the 3rd Rome

pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifest_PKWN

== sync, corrected by elderman ==



"common national consciousness":

Right Eye: Bachus

Right Eye: Fear

Right Eye: Coincidence

pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Gramsci

China at the UN: NATO and any countries should look at their own problems







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