We are just after the democratic presidential elections and before the next democratic elections to Parliament. The fact that all wise or stupid individual has the right to vote in elections hurts any of the more conscious voters.
As a result, you can sometimes hear the voices of longing for a monarchy or for direct democracy. In the case of monarchy, as is known from the past of many erstwhile centuries, there is 1 monarch, most frequently hereditary. The people have small to say about power, but they know well who to accuse of economical oppression and the resulting misery, and who to thank for the prosperity and opportunities of their offspring. In the case of democracy, and in peculiar direct democracy, in which all work for various poorness is decisive, and in the event of success it is rapidly noted that abruptly "success has many fathers" and that the "mechanism of a short quilt" works. So far both the monarchy and direct democracy are dreams, due to the fact that Polish society is completely immature not to 1 or the another option.
The deficiency of reliable historical and political cognition with the bulk of opinion-making seed that society is fed, even physically dependent on ubiquitous media, results in widespread sage, which many specify as their views and defend themselves fiercely against confounded enemies. In the meantime, in order to preach views, 1 must first get cognition from many sources for verification, and then these facts and information must be subjected to causal analysis in a wide temporal and spatial context. This in turn requires time expenditures, good general education and above average intelligence, which concerns few. Sage or specified talk of nonsense is, therefore, the most common phenomenon that we face in our strategy of highly imperfect democracy, due to the fact that most of society, of course, is of mediocrity. Polish intellectual elites, which are always a minority, are mentally tired and tormented after all election push, and in addition, must accept deeper divisions among their fellow countrymen.
However, like a rising volcano, this increasing frustration of the general public always as a consequence of dissatisfied with democratic elections, sooner or later it must origin explosions. Would a wise Polish monarch halt the increasing frustration for any reason? "It's hard to say, but you can think hypothetically about circumstantial situations. Today, Poland is controlled by abroad rulers hiding under specified synonyms as the European Commission “of this and this”, the administration of the president “of this” or the services of the state “of this or that”, and we Poles increasingly feel that we are “cooked frogs”. Ba! We have even heard from a Polish state authoritative not so long ago that “we are servants of the Ukrainian people”, which does not require comment. And it's only amazing that if they spit in our face, then the fools inactive say it's raining.
If there was a monarchy in Poland, the King of Poland would have ordered the death punishment for the courtman for specified a despicable speech. If there was a monarchy in Poland, the king would not let the plunder and squandering of the property for which he worked and generations of Poles, his property (!) and handing him over to abroad hands for free or for half free by disloyal manors. Rather, the King would search to grow the area of his own influence and assets, due to the fact that then more taxation money would fall into his own box, and the people would trust his political decisions and interior actions to guarantee peace and prosperity. “If Grandma had a mustache, she would be a grandfather!”
We have democracy and we have what we have in the name of this democracy in which we are trying to set ourselves up, but even with a large imagination it is not fairy taleally. Unworthy Poland, Polish servants of abroad interests, push our people into not our war, which in us all induces aversion to these servants and hypersensitivity to the word "war". But what can be done if we have democracy, and the right to vote, that is to say, they have a conscious, unconscious decision, and in most cases even very unaware.
In order to comfort the Monarchists, I would add that a tiny beginning of the monarchy strategy managed to organize in Poland rather recently. Nothing, but it turns out that if you truly want it, you can! Well, at the initiative of the group of incendiaries and as a consequence of completely bottom-up actions, 27 years ago it was proclaimed The Principality of Elbe. The first Duke of Łeba (chosen by a vote of 90% of residents from the age of 7) was Henryk Ruszewski, a local businessman who made a vow and promised that he would live a better life. He was given an insignia of power and clothed with a purple coat, and the subjects fell before the prince and paid tribute to him. Among them was the mayor of Łeby. Currently, Prince Zbyszko I, Zbigniew Kosecki, who is besides a local entrepreneur, is in power in the Principality. Local authorities from Łeba and Lęborka usually participate in the anniversary celebrations. During the anniversary celebrations, with colorful cords, festivals of regional and fish products, there is the presentation of thanks to the people who deserve the Principality and honorary passports of the Principality of Łeb for peculiar merits for the city specified as the foundation of specialized rescue equipment, etc. 2 years after the creation of the Principality, the promotional thought was appreciated by giving Łeb a ministerial award for the best tourist product in Poland... As he called it, so called, but present the Łeba is simply a nice, clean and well-maintained town on the Baltic, which visitors from the country and abroad are happy to visit. The city and surrounding areas raised from the ruins of planet War II thanks to the hard and efficient work of post-war generations, which became the Duchy of Łeba (!) is proof of the extraordinary industriousness, self-sacrifice and ability of Poles to manage their economy on the recovered lands.
The past of the city, on the another hand, is rich, i.e. typical for Poland. Archaeologists found single Neolithic tools, so the first settlements took place a long time ago. Discovered bronze age defensive bulkheads attributed to the Lusatia culture attest that the population of the area of Łeba was building bulkheads from about 1000 to 400 BC. During this time, the bay formed a floodwater, then the lagoon lakes Lebsko and Sarbsko, which are now lying on both sides of the city. It is besides known about the Goths' stay in the region during the I-III century C.E. period and about the fact that in Dębin, close Łeba, there is simply a stone ellipse of the Goths' cemetery, which for any reason, but most likely peacefully according to the chronicle of Jordanes, moved south-east where they met Slavs. Around the 5th century, it was the Slavs who already occupied the full coastal strip of the Baltic coast. On over 1,000 years of Slavic presence in Pomerania, prof. Mr Alexander Brückner, an outstanding philologist and illustrious, so he wrote in “Dzaje polskiego” about Kashubian language, a relic from the old days:
"The Kashubian language is an old Polish bustle, taking part even in the late Polish language development, and it cannot be torn distant from the Polish language; it is simply a bridge from the Nadnotite Polish region to an always further one, and so and more separate gigs, from which the erstwhile Pomeranian, Marchie, Mecklenburg, even the Swan itself to the Old March and Lüneburg sounded erstwhile these lands were inactive Slavic; the Slavs yet died there not until the 16th and 17th centuries (...)"
The bulwark, a settlement formed on measurements after the divided of lakes, surely built Slavic The amortizing speaking Kashubian, they were moving in fish fishing, and it most likely happened in the 8th century. The first written mention of Łeb dates from the 13th century erstwhile German colonizers began to arrive on the Lęborska Earth. From the 12th century until the mediate of the 14th century, during the reign of the Dukes of Gdansk Pomerania: Avengers I, Racibora, Świętobek, Avengers II the main administrative and economical centre of the Lębor Region was the present village of Białogarda (German: Belgrade). After the childless death of Avengers II, according to the agreement with Kępno, in 1282, the Lębor Region came under the control of Przemysław II of the Duke of Wielkopolska, and in 1308, the control of the Gdańsk Pomerania was taken over by the Teutonic Knights, who transferred the administrative center from Białogarda to Lębork, located by them in 1341. The Act of Loby Location dates back to July 8, 1357.
In the 2nd half of the 14th century, the Commander of Gdańsk Order of Teutonic Knights David von Cammerstein He completely destroyed the castles in Białogard and Salina and formed a loborian province. The Teutonic Knights introduced their own strict laws, an oppressive management strategy for Pomeranian and ruled the Lęborsk Land until 1466. Systemically destroyed Kaszubi survived as a heavy beaten group with a large sense of separateness, while the area of the Teutonic state survived as a local territory with tiny changes until the 20th century. It is easy to have an analogy with the past of Silesia and Silesians, who, having Slavic roots, have besides survived the pressures of abroad nations and rulers, mostly German ones and inactive have a sense of separateness. Their language, like the Kashubian language, are wonderful examples preserved with the Pietism of Old Polish speech.
During the Polish-Truthian War, in 1410 the Lęborsk Land was liberated from the regulation of the Teutonic Knights, however, as early as 1411, by virtue of the peace of Toruń, this land returned to the Teutonic Knights again. However, after the accession of Lębork and Łeba to the Prussian Union in 1440 and as a consequence of participation in the Thirteen Years' War (1454-1466) Lęborska Land was again within the borders of Poland. King Kazimierz Jagiellończyk, handed over the Lęborska Land to Erik II, the prince of the West Pomerania in Lenno on a first-hand basis, which meant a return at all request of the King and Gdańsk. Kaszubi one more time rebuilt their land from the demolition of the long war and built the future. Unfortunately, Leba was completely destroyed by a storm raging in the Baltic Sea on 11 January 1558. The only 14th century church of Saint Nicholas was ruined, and the retreating sea hollowed a fresh riverbed. Restoration and tough fight of fishermen for survival. Another devastating storm in 1570, however, prompted the brave Kashubians to decision to the another side of the river and build a fresh Leba.
After the childless death of Bogusław XIV in 1637, the last ruler of West Pomerania from the household of Gryfitów (buried in Szczecin only in 1654 !), under the resolutions of the Polish Sejm the Land of Lęborska and Bytowska were incorporated under direct control of the Republic. It seemed like peace would come. Unfortunately, the struggles for succession in Pomerania continued. The Duke's will ruled out the Brandenburgers from succession, but the Westphalian peace concluded in 1648 confirmed the political fall of Pomerania, which was divided between Sweden and Brandenburg, and already in 1657, under the Treatys of Velava-Bydgo, guaranteed by the power of the Olive Peace and the Sejm Act with 1661 In the year, Poland lost control of the part of Pomerania again and the Land of Lębor was devoted to the elector of Brandenburg to Frederick Wilhelm. These lands were then occupied for a long time by Prussia, or de facto Germany.
Tourism has developed in the coastal German Łebie from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. erstwhile the first train entered the head station in 1899 and shortly thereafter the city joined German Association of Baltic Baths (German: Verband Deutscher Ostseebäder) and found itself in a catalogue distributed in respective twelve large European cities, the attractiveness of Łeba has increased significantly. Tourist infrastructure began to be built, and in 1907, an different building built straight on the beach, the Neptune hotel, referred to as a castle or palace, which is to this day the most typical villa in the city. Not entirely unfoundedly, this object is called Goering's palace... The first owner of the hotel was Baron von Massow. A strong storm in 1911 severely damaged the celebrated “Kurhaus” (the home of the curates), and another component attack from 9-11 January 1914, called “The Bear Wave” completed the work of destroying the cliff on which the hotel was placed. A twelve days later, the Baron sold the property “for a penny”. fresh owner Maximilian Nitschke, an highly wealthy and influential man proved to be an excellent host and during the interwar period his Kurhaus was pulsing with life. First of all, there were advanced - class patients staying here. From 1941, however, the hotel was no longer available to average curates, as the premises in the building were leased by Rakietowa Experimental Station from Rąbka territory in Łeba. The officers and engineers working there lived in a home on a hill. The restaurant stopped operating, and erstwhile the missiles were fired, the beach closed.
Today, however, during a visit to Łeb, it is vain to look for the war past of the castle and the city. It's kind of curiosistic, but it's kind of ominous. Why? The Kashubian generation remembering the war of the autopsy has died out, fresh times, especially since its accession to the EU and the strengthening of “friendship” with Germany are not conducive to the teaching of actual past not only in Pomerania, so “babe cooking” is under way. During the presidential run on fences and balconies, you can see almost exclusively banners promoting Mr. Rafał Trzaskowski, and at the Sunday mass for children in the old church you could meet a Polish-speaking black African missionary. Is it the Church's preparation of us to strengthen “friendship” with Germany and their gifts in the form of hordes of “engineers and doctors”? Maybe.
However, it is worth to be aware that during planet War II there was a top secret Luftwaffe experimental ground in Łeb, and the guns and missiles tested here were to change the destiny of the world. To this day, the area is torn down by German bunkers. This communicative began in January 1941, erstwhile he and a group of experienced scientists arrived in Łeba Henrich HuppertzI'm the manager of the camp. Huppertz was a professional who gained experience in the Rheinmetall-Borsig arms company, conducting for many years investigation on rockets and weapons manufacturing. The company's office were located in Dusseldorf, and part of the tasks were performed by a specially created plant in Berlin's Marienfielde district. The first facilities of the camp, which was supervised by General Wiese, were built in the area of the old Leba, and a network of bunkers and fortifications and the main launcher were formed a small further west. According to the plans of the German gods of war, a ground-to-earth rocket called Rheinbote (Renu Messenger) was to be utilized in London. The work on V2 and Rheinbote (a rocket besides called Flying pencil) was supervised by the same SS general Hans Kammler. The rocket experiments were carried out for more than 3 years, but in combat conditions, Rheinbote was utilized only erstwhile once 24 rockets were launched from the Netherlands in 1945 towards Antwerp, no of which hit the target.
On the another hand, Rheintochter anti-aircraft rockets (Renu's daughter) guided by radio waves. The first effort with prototypes was carried out in May 1943, and the last 1 was launched on January 18, 1945, just before the camp evacuation.
Africa Corps troops were most likely trained on the head dunes, and work on not only rockets and rocket cannons, but besides various types of bombs, was carried out at the camp. For a rocket weapon that could be utilized to fire on London, a concrete platform was built on which a barrel with a dimension of respective meters, a calibre of 600 mm and a weight of more than 1 100 tons, but the work on the weapon was not started until late 1944 and as a consequence of the evacuation of the camp was suspended.
Polgon visited Herman Goering and many Nazi notebooks, which is why to this day, the name of an object on the beach as “Goering Palace” is circulating among people. He besides worked in Łeb (he was definitely here in 1944) Werner von Braun, the celebrated V2 rocket constructor and scientist active in the work on the first intercontinental A9 or A10 rocket that Germany planned to attack fresh York, and a peculiar commando group was to be transported to the US by submarine and conduct a landing to land to install a transmitter to control the rocket. The Germans made plans to conquer the full world. After the war, of course, they reduced their appetites and did quite a few work in this direction admitting to atrocities and mistakes. Unfortunately, it is increasingly hard not to announcement that Germany's plans have begun to focus on the EU as a whole. It is Germany who has created the alleged historical policy and has consistently implemented it for decades, and has been followed by others, like Ukrainians. Unfortunately, it cannot be said that the Republic of Poland is conducting specified a policy, since we had to defend ourselves even against the totally lied and outraged notion of “Polish concentration camps” in the world...
German regulation in Łeb continued until the liberation of the Red Army and the Polish Army in 1945. Germany, of course, does not agree with the word liberation.
After the French run ended, in June 1940 French and Belgian prisoners were sent to Łeba, who were utilized for farming, fish processing and as home aids. Polish prisoners, as the fewer surviving witnesses say, during the war in Łeba and the immediate vicinity were not held, as the regulation is that Polish prisoners were transported far distant from the borders of their own country, in order to deprive them of their aid from their countrymen if they attempted to escape. Polish forced workers (ausländische Zivilarbeiter) worked in the city and surrounding villages, and although the word forced workers was not used, they were utilized as actual slaves. The largest group of prisoners in Łeba were russian prisoners, who were treated highly cruelly and inhumanally. To this day, a concrete road to the erstwhile rocket launcher in the alleged Komara Valley remained. russian prisoners of war who were imprisoned by the Germans since the spring of 1943 in a camp established in the camp area. The captives worked from morning to night and slept in wooden barracks with barbed-wire windows and fenced with a barbed-wire fence. After the task was completed, everyone was most likely shot. There's no solid evidence of how many employees, what formations, or how many russian POWs were murdered on a rocket range.
This is besides not reported on the city’s website, the county’s website or tourist information. Coincidence? alternatively historical politics and alternatively not Polish, which so fewer Poles are aware of today.
The evacuation of the rocket scope in Łeb began on January 25, 1945. Most of the equipment was dismantled and transported to Karlshagen, close Peenemunde on the island of Uznam, and then transported to the town of Wismar, where any of the equipment was reportedly destroyed by the Germans, and what remained was taken care of by the Allies. For a minute German front troops were located at the abandoned camp in Łeba and blew up most of the structures and equipment, and the last group of soldiers left on 6 March 1945.
In early 1945, the panic evacuation of Germans by sea began from the area adjacent to the Gulf of Gdańsk. On 30 January 1945, a transport ship sailed from Gdynia to Kilonia. Wilhelm Gustloff, a pre-war cruiser adapted to the function of the ship, and on board there were about 5 1000 German refugees, about 1.3 1000 sailors, officers and women with Kriegsmarine personnel, 160 heavy wounded soldiers and more than 170 crew members. The ship was escorted by a Lowe torpedo. erstwhile Wilhelm Gustloff He was placed at the tallness of Stilo and Leba lighthouses, and torpedoes from a russian submarine hit him. ‘S-13’. The large German transport sank. However, 1,252 survivors were saved. The wreck is inactive at the bottom of the Polish economical region and the German authorities have requested designation of the wreckage Wilhelm Gustloff For an underwater cemetery, protected from penetration. However, the imprecise law prevents the complete safety of this Baltic cemetery.
The German population, however, had a hard ban on leaving the city, and the mayor and madmen of the NSDAP tried to force people to defend the city, which they yet failed to do. 1 of the German witnesses of the event said so after years that "in the period of the Polish People's Republic and later, the word "lease liberation" was used. At that time, no 1 wondered that liberating something that was independent and unoccupied by abroad troops seemed absurd. Germans can't be liberated from... Germans. The day the russian troops entered was a German town for respective 100 years and the Germans were at their home. Therefore, the appropriate word will be not liberation, but entry or occupation." The descendants of these Germans live in Pomerania to this day or return to the old residences of their ancestors. The war losses of Leba along with the dead on the front and the dead in captivity are estimated to be around 6 percent. This number besides includes people exported by Russians who died in prisons and camps or who have lost their hearing. In early May, the officers of the NKVD – the People's Interior Police of the USSR arrived in the city. The first interrogations and arrests began. any residents were exported in an unknown direction, any of them were in russian labour camps in Siberia. After any people, he's gone forever.
The first Polish settlers arrived in Łeba in April 1945. The arrival of the organization squad to Lębork is dated April 10, 1945, and the government group 2 weeks later. Polish civilian administration, post office and militia began work in mid-May 1945. There was mixed power in the city. The Germans had their mayor, their Poles, and the russian commandant, lieutenant of Parszkow, exercised over them. In September 1945, the displacement of the German population for Oder began, but after a fewer weeks the action was suspended until the spring of the following year and then the action of mass displacements, which Germany calls expulsions, began. The town had 18 families for at least 250 years, 10 families for at least 350 years and 1 household for at least 450 years. In the post-war decades, the vast majority of Germans could not agree with the Polish People's Republic of Poland and emigrated to Germany voluntarily. From 1952 to 1959, Poland left 280 1000 Germans and autochthons. In the 1960s it was 150 000, while in the 1970s it was almost 200 000. Unfortunately, Germany, outraged by the words “liberation” and “displacement” forgot that they were the occupiers of Pomerania for respective 100 years and that they had previously driven out Slavic Pomeranians who worked on this land and ruled over 1,000 years! "Do not do to others what is unpleasant to you."
The destructions during planet War II in Łeba were not great, so schools, wellness center, bars, restaurants, cultural center etc. were created in the following years.
On the another hand, the rocket camp in Łeba was occupied by the Red Army on 10 March 1945 and abandoned by the Soviets only in 1967. From this period it is known only that the Volchow rocket was constructed there. After the Russians withdrew from Łeba, a rocket probe station was created at Rąbka. Polish scientists tested Meteor rockets here, utilized to test the advanced atmosphere layers, but erstwhile it was found that their method thought outweighed russian or American solutions, investigation was abruptly blocked, subsidies were withdrawn, scientists were sent to various centres in Poland, and the safety Service requisitioned all the documentation. The facility closed in 1974.
This was the order of the full Polish People's Republic after the liberation of German invaders, which is why eternal glory belongs to the generation of our grandparents and parents, who, working under highly hard conditions, have persistently and generously rebuilt Poland, education, culture, agriculture, forestry, built manufacture and protected Poland for us. Unfortunately, since 1989, the fruits of their murderous work have been sold out to this day, and Poland has lost its sovereignty again, part by piece. If Poland were a monarchy today, would it be different? Reflections on this are like moss and fern fairy tales. The ravens and crows look and only patiently wait for the arrogant white eagle lying on the pavement to be a scald to be plucked...
“ ...it is burning and burning my bitterness of speech,
Bitter sucked from the blood and tears of my homeland,
Let him eat and burn, not you, but your chains.
Who's gonna file a complaint for me?
It'll be like a dog barking that's going to decision in like this.
To a long and patient collar,
That he was yet ready to bite — the hand that is taking it.” A. Mickiewicz (To Friends of Moscow)
Anna Larysz – Out
Think Poland, No. 23-24 (8-15.06.2025)
Photo by UM Łeb
