Lions - image of lost city

The Lions - The Lost Town Report

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"A real lens in which the European past of the 20th century focuses. The city name itself is simply a evidence to changes. In the mediate Ages, it was called Leopolis, the “city of lions”. The Habsburg Lemberg was revived in late 1918 as Polish Lviv to transform into Russian Lviv in 1939. The name Lemberg was subsequently restored, which was changed to Lviv again in 1944. Since 1991 it has been the Ukrainian Lion" – we read.

Lutz C. Kleveman's book is neither a communicative of the perfect Polish city nor a sentimental tour of idealized Lviv streets. The author takes the reader on a journey in Lviv, but during this journey you can find the actual face of the city. From the book you can learn the delightful planet of outstanding scientists, as well as writers and artists. Brave doctors saving the lives of Polish professors during planet War II.
The author, describing the past of Lviv, besides wrote about the darkest moments of the past of the city: among others, brotherly fights between Poles and Ukrainians, in which young Polish patriots died, or about pogroms of Jews who did not want to stand on either side.

Lviv was founded in the 13th century by King Daniel, ruler of the Rusi, who named the settlement after his boy the Lion. shortly the city was won by the King of Poland and within the limits of his country it remained for 4 centuries. As a consequence of the partitions, part of Poland, in which Lviv was located, got into possession of Habsburg for 1 100 and 50 years. After the break-up of Austro-Hungary during the First planet War, a city, mostly inhabited by Poles, fell to the recently created
II Republic.

September 1939 to June 1941 Lviv was under russian business and then German until July 1944. After the war ended, Lviv was annexed to the russian Union, since 1991 it has been owned by Ukraine.

"If the changing railways of the First planet War were to be counted, then it should be considered that between 1914 and 1991 political power over the city passed from hand to hand 7 times," the author points out.

Lviv lies little than an hr by car from the Polish border, which is besides the external border of the European Union. "+ Somewhere far east+ – comes at first to think. A message that may be politically correct, but not geographically correct. It is adequate to look at the map of Europe to see that the city designates almost precisely the geographical centre of the continent," the author notes.

In the 1930 ’ s, Lviv had many cultural groups of different cultures. As the author estimates, nearly 1 100 and sixty 1000 Poles lived in the city, almost 1 100 1000 Jews and only twenty-five 1000 Ukrainians, too Armenians and alleged Armenians. Galician Germans.

At that time, Lviv was regarded as a center of modernism throughout Europe, and art and discipline flourished. As the author writes, “he was a cosmopolitan city full of both the joy of life and piety.” It was called “European Jerusalem” due to the fact that it had 3 archbishops, representing Polish Catholics, Ukrainian Greek Catholics (units) and Armenian Christians. They had their own cathedrals and churches that inactive adorned the city’s panorama, while besides tolerated the presence of Lutheran, Orthodox, and judaic temples. Lviv was besides 1 of the largest metropolises of judaic culture in Europe – Jews constituted 1 3rd of the city's population. In Lviv there were erstwhile more than 50 synagogues and idols of reformed Judaism.

"In Lviv, the old Europe died. The heart of the continent turned into a black gap to then fade into oblivion. Whoever's looking for him present inactive finds an open wound. The past of Lviv is the communicative of many Central European cities that have been wiped out and depopulated by the powers of Germany and Russia. Lviv is Vilnius, Grodny, Brest, Poznań, Chernivtsi, Fiume, and besides Wrocław and Królewiec. Not only the experience of mass killings and expulsions, but besides – and above all – the rich multiethnic multicultural past, we read.

The book tells about the city that disappeared forever, about the people who created it, and about the events that it witnessed. This is besides a communicative of those who lost their small homeland, and those who took their place. The past of Lviv, which the communists did not want to talk about, but Poles slow forget.

“The problem is that the Lions lost their memory. During the years of planet War II, this place survived a real demographic catastrophe – Jews were murdered, most Poles were driven out, and many Ukrainians were deported. After the war, russian planners converted the depopulated Lviv into a reasonably cultural and culturally homogeneous city. Almost the full population was mentioned, cultural identity and collective memory were lost. During the time of the russian Union, the Polish and judaic past of the city was officially overlooked in silence. Many fresh residents had no thought about the events taking place on its streets before 1944 – and they most likely didn't want to know about them at all," the author emphasized.

Only the buildings that Kleveman describes are told about the past of Lviv today, which are muddy and faded like old lexicons. "They stand the stone heritage of the erstwhile Lviv. How the scenes are presented by the townhouses, to which the sad elegance of contemporary tenants do not want to fit," added the author.

In 1988, Karl Schlögel, a historian of Central Europe, even stated: “The erstwhile burgher Lviv is present a city without burghers.” This opinion was expressed at a time erstwhile russian order inactive prevailed in Lviv. Klaveman believes that even today's lions seem to have “a akin attitude to the surrounding architecture as—let's give it—the inhabitants of Thessaloniki to the mosques there or the mogul to their ancient ruins.”

The author states that since he arrived in Lviv, he is accompanied by a feeling that he will be able to closely track the drama of 20th century Europe, and would besides like to effort to recreate the +memoriae urbis+ years 1914–1944. Adam Zagajewski, born in Lviv in 1945, who was driven out of the city with his parents, says: “Here, in this mutilated city, 1 must usage not only sight and proceeding but besides imagination.” As Kleveman declares, “in cities specified as Lviv, +in half existing, half abandoned+, imagination must become an additional sense, for average senses must be helped with half closed eyes and intuition.”

The book “Lviv. image of Lost City” by Lutz C. Kleveman, translated by Dariusz Guzik, was published by the publication Mark Horizon.

https://jejeje.pl/books/lwow-portret-lost-city