Historical calendar – anniversary of the foundation of the Dzikowski Confederation. A prominent patriot, Jan Tarło, stood behind her creation.
Today, in our calendar, we will look at the past of the first Polish national uprising, i.e. the General Confederation of Dzikowski. This subject is completely overlooked in the school lecture. This is mainly due to the fact that the betrayal of Confederate ideals was founded by the Hetman organization and the alleged Familia, frequently presented as a patriotic camp. Similarly, the genesis of the slogan “For Our Freedom and Yours” under which Poles fought in a number of national uprisings is forgotten.
On 1 February 1733, King August II, called the Strong, died. The nobles thought that to reverse the disadvantage of the Republic, it was adequate to give the throne to a individual who would not underestimate the Polish business, as the unfortunate Sas did. Acting interrexa primate Teodor Potocki, due to the effects of German rule, recommended first of all to choose a Polish king from origins and beliefs.
Indeed, the May 1733 Convocational Sejm ruled out of seeking the crown of foreigners. During the electoral parliament from the turn of August and September, the candidacy of Stanisław Leszczyński passed by a large majority. The choice of nobility was announced on September 12. Around the fresh ruler, a patriotic group of magnates and clergymen became active with John Tarło And primate Teodor Potocki.
They sought systemic reforms, including the liquidation of the Veto Liberal, the release of economical townspeople and military auctions, These demands came from both Leszczyński and Tarła's individual beliefs.
The Poles did not realise that the death of Loewenwold treaty, more broadly known as “the covenant of 3 black eagles”, had been hanging over their country for a year. Within its framework, the partitioning powers determined that after the death of the Polish king, only a candidate would become the ruler of the Republic of Poland. First it was the Portuguese prince Emanuel, then the elector of Saxon Frederick August II, who promised Vienna and St. Petersburg to preserve their influences and the position quo of the Polish system.
In view of Leszniński's expected win, the Tsarski client, who was a Lithuanian regimentary Michał Serwacy Wiśniowiecki, fled to the village of Kamien on 27 August. There, together with another Saxons supporters, he launched his own selection field, gathering under the discreet cover of Moscow troops. The ceremony of the announcement of King Frederick August II, known in Poland as August III, was to celebrate mass in the local church.
During the ceremony, a celebration was planned te deum And a volley from the Russian guns. As the cannons began to sing and fired, the temple level collapsed under the Electors of Sasa. Traitors fell into a crypt, crippled by coffins lying there. The celebration was celebrated by Bishop Jan Aleksander Lipski of Kraków – a associate of the Saxon, anti-Polish rosocross lodge called “The circular Table”.
August III and his patrons, immediately began a trial with a legitimate ruler. The number of Moscow troops around the capital was significant, so Leszczyński was forced to go west and then to Gdańsk. A number of local noble confederations became active as part of opposition to violations of the principles of dissmocracy. They started fighting the Russians and the Saxons. The general decision was partially supported by Polish linear troops, which sided with Leszczyński.
The advantage of the enemy proved to be considerable, so ramp fights were usually conducted. The intent of the insurgents was to defend the legitimately chosen king. abroad policy sought cooperation with France and the creation of an alliance of the Republic, Sweden and Turkey against Russia. Army commanders Jan Tarło and Józef Potocki worked to combine local speeches to establish a general confederation.
December 3, 1733 Tarło released a manifesto in Opatów, which reads among others. Laudetur Iesus Christus ... We manifest before the full planet against the Oppressors y Raptors of Rights, Freedoms and Perpetual Freedoms ... With all their forces against the arrogant ab Extra Invasors y Oppressors ours, against the inconspicuous traitors of Oywód, who with the outside Courts in the cointelligencye y machinacye against the Republic of Poland, having come in and besieged on the forces of unspeakable voysks, have usurped the Reipublicae Authority.
In the course of combat, John’s under - 20 - year - old brother, Adam Tarło, was decorated with military talent. He, as Deputy Marshal of the Lesser Polish Confederacy in Nisk, defeated Saxons in the conflict of Miechow in April 1734.
The main forces of Sasko – Russian moved to Gdańsk, where the besieged king Leszczyński. John Tarlo, who went to aid him, fought against the Moscals at Wyszecin. The conflict was fierce, but over time, better armed and trained Tsaric soldiers took over an undisciplined common move.
In view of the news of Russian reinforcements approaching, The sawmill has retreated. The French king’s promised aid came, but in a modest amount. Leszczyński escaped from Gdańsk, so the city capitulated against Moscow. The king made his way to the Prussian Kings, where he warmed the insurgents for further combat.
Jan Tarla's efforts to combine local speeches have been positive. On 5 November 1734 a general confederation was established in Dzików close Tarnobrzeg, called the Dzikowska Confederation. The goal of the rally was to expel Saxon and Russian troops from the Republic of Poland. The marshal was Adam Tarlo, who immediately started a fresh haul to his troops.
Early in the spring of 1735, he headed respective 1000 soldiers with an expedition to Saxony, recognized by the insurgent command as the office of the anti-Polish plot. During the march he defeated the Saxons in the conflict of Widawa and reached Odra. He did not foresee that the side of August III would besides stand for Prussia. Their troops bet beards and bridges on the river, so the heroic Pole had to withdraw. Failed himself very quickly, attacking and capturing the castle in Kargowa, cast by the Saxon army.
In the spring of 1735, the fighting warmed up with a fresh force, and the insurrection flame ignited expanding areas of the country. Unfortunately, Józef Potocki betrayed and moved with any troops to August III's side, for which he shortly received the Hetman's bullock. He later led the alleged Hetmanic Party. Even earlier the Confederacy had been abandoned by the Czartoryskis, the future creators of “The Family”. August Alexander Czartoryski, for moving to the enemy side received the Saxon Order of Saint Hubert.
Interesting are the past of the slogan "For our freedom and yours." Polish historiography for its beginning, usually gives the inscription on the banner from the November Uprising. It appeared in January 1831 (probably at the initiative of Joachim Lelebel), during a manifestation commemorating the Petersburg uprising of Masonic “decabrists”. The slogan referred to the conflict for the freedom of the various nations of Europe, as part of the universal revolution.
In fact, for the first time this slogan was formulated by Jan Tarło. It served as a call for unification of local land confederations within the General Confederation of Dzikowski. It meant as much as “for the freedom of our land and your land, within the common Republic.” Interestingly, after the foundation of the Dzikowski Confederation, Tarło besides appealed to another countries and nations, extending his motto to the Czech Republic and Hungary. Unfortunately, Europe has remained deaf to requests for aid for a legally chosen king.
Previous entry from our calendar is available Here.
