Historical calendar: anniversary of the conviction sentencing the commander of the Polish independent underground – August Emil Fieldorf ps. “Nil”.
Today, in our calendar, we will look at the life and activities of this man, and the circumstances of his being murdered by communists.
He was the boy of the Krakow railwayman Andrzej and Agnieszka from Szwand's house. He was educated in the local junior advanced school and then in a teaching seminar. During his studies he joined the popular among young patriots of the firearm Union. In the organization, he was ingenuity and commitment, and completed a sub-commander's course. After planet War I began, he volunteered to service in the formation by NKN The West Legion.
He crossed the full conflict way of the 1st Legion Brigade, exhibiting heroism in the face of the enemy. He was promoted to sergeant and twice decorated. He did not curse allegiance to the emperors and was transferred to the Italian front. After respective months, he fell sick and returned to Krakow. After his recovery, he joined the ranks of the Polish Military Organization and joined the Polish Army in November 1918.
He participated in disarming the local Austrian troops. He then fought the Bolsheviks on the northern front close Białystok and Dyneburg and in the Kiev expedition. He commanded, among others, a company in the 1st Legion Infantry Regiment. In 1919, he married Janina Kobylinska, with whom he had 2 daughters. After the war, he decided to stay in the army. He lived in Vilnius, where his home unit was stationed.
In the 1920s and 1930s, he was active in training and raising patriotic soldiers subordinate to himself. He besides took care of the regimental orchestra. Privately he liked to master and run an amateur carpentry and lock shop, repairing neighbors and acquaintances everyday items, toys and furniture. During the May bombing he supported Józef Piłsudski against legal authorities. By the time of the outbreak of planet War II, he had obtained the rank of lieutenant colonel.
In 1935, he commanded the battalion of the COP “Troki”. In 1938, he headed the 51st Giuseppe Garibaldi Border firearm Infantry Regiment. In this position he fought during the September campaign, having suffered large losses due to hostile air dominance. After the division was broken up at the conflict of Ilza, he made his way to Krakow, where he tried to cross Hungary to France. He was arrested on the border with Slovakia, but escaped and reached the Polish army formed in the west.
Just before the start of the French campaign, he completed staff training and was promoted to Colonel. After the defeat of the Allied, he broke into England and began working with the government in exile. He became his delegate to the management of OGM in the country. In July 1940, he embarked on a long journey to Warsaw, which led through Africa, Turkey, Yugoslavia and Hungary. He became a associate of the General Command of the ZWZ and headed its subordinate territory of Białystok. He assumed the nickname “Nil”.
In late 1942, Stefan “Grot” Rowecki appointed him commandant of the recently formed structure – the Diversity Management (Kedyw). Within its framework he was active in organizing guerrilla troops, sabotaging military infrastructure, eliminating prominent Nazis and their collaborators. He was co-organizer of the most spectacular successes of the Polish underground.
These included the action “Góral” consisting of stealing PLN 100 million from German transport, the action under Arsenal resulting in the reflection of political prisoners and the assassination of the head of SS and police of the Warsaw district, General Franz Kutschera.
In February 1944, in the face of the approach of the Fieldorf front, he was transferred to the position of chief of the profoundly consecrated organization “Independence” (NO in short). It was to prepare underground personnel for the expected russian occupation. He fought in the Warsaw Uprising, and after its fall he avoided captivity and became deputy chief of the chief AK Leopold Okulicki.
On March 7, 1945, he was arrested by the NKVD, which he found banned dollars on. He was not recognized, but he was sent to the camp in Siberia (under the false name “Valenty Gdanicki”). He worked there on the logging. He returned to Poland in 1947 and settled in Łódź. He decided to uncover himself within the framework of the amnesty announced by the authorities for political opponents.
From now on, he's been under surveillance by Homeland Security. He was besides offered cooperation, which he rejected, having already had adequate conspiracy. In November 1950, he was arrested and transported to the notorious Mokotov prison in Warsaw.
The communists accused him of giving orders to destruct russian guerrillas and brought a show trial. On April 16, 1952, a judaic justice – Maria Góraowska – sentenced him to death punishment by hanging. He banned the household from asking Communist president Bierut for mercy and was executed on February 24, 1953. After many years he was cleared of charges, but the guilty of the judicial execution which was carried out on him never took responsibility, e.g. the judaic female Górowska did not put herself on trial, covering herself with bad health.
Previous entry from our calendar is available Here..
