NKVD judaic Crime
ON CRESSES
In 1941, after the start of the German–Soviet war, the NKVD shot about 50,000 prisoners, citizens of the Republic of Poland.
NKVD prison massacres in 1941 – mass communist crimes committed by NKVD officers on political prisoners in prisons on the russian territories of Poland, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia occupied by the russian Union, as well as in the USSR before 1939 (Minsk, Orzel, Winnica) and on escape routes of prisoners after the aggression of the 3rd German Reich on the USSR on 22 June 1941.
On 22 June 1941, the Political Office of the Communist organization (bolsheviks) of Belarus adopted a resolution requiring the NKVD of the Belarusian SRR to execute the death sentences given to prisoners in prisons of the western circuits of Belarus.
Two days later, the head of the NKVD, Lavrientij Beria, ordered the execution of all prisoners in the investigation and convicted of "counter-revolutionary activity", "economic sabotage", "diversion" and "anti-Soviet activity".
It triggered an avalanche of crimes on prisoners. According to russian data of June 10, 1941, i.e. on the eve of the German-Soviet war, about 40,000 prisoners were in prisons, about 35,000 prisoners were murdered in total.
For example, about 7,000 prisoners were murdered in the Lviv prisons of NKVD – Brygidki , Zamarstynów, at £ąckiego Street.
About 2,000 prisoners were killed in Lutsk, around 2,000 in Vilnius, about 700 in Złoczów, about 1000 in Dubno, 500 in Więciński.
In addition, in Drohobych, Borysław, in Czortków, Berezwecz, Sambor, Oleszyce, Nadwórna, Brzeżany, during the week, in June 1941, the NKVD murdered at least 14.700 prisoners in prisons, more than 20 1000 were murdered on escape routes.
In September-October 1941, the NKVD besides murdered political prisoners in prisons in the interior of the russian Union. Among them were:
– Maria Spiridonova, Russian revolutionary activist, leader of the left-wing eseranic faction (in December 1917 separated into a party), in russian times persecuted and murdered.
– Chrystian Rakowski, Romanian and Ukrainian communist activist, Trotskyist, president of the Council of People's Marionetary Commissioners of the USRR (1919-23).
– Sergei Efron – a Russian journalist, writer, at any time an NKVD agent abroad, most likely participated in the kidnapping of General Miller to the ZSRS and in many another crimes.
After returning to the USSR, he was arrested and murdered. He was married to Marina Ivanovna Cwietajev – a Russian writer, considered 1 of the most crucial Russian poets of the 20th century. He had Ariadne's daughter and boy with her.
Investigative Pioneer IPN (Departmental Crime Investigation Commission against the Polish Nation in Rzeszow) conducts an investigation into the S 51/08/Zk act No.
The Branch Commission for the prosecution of crimes against the Polish Nation in Rzeszów dismissed in April 2009 an investigation (file S 6/06/Zk) on communist crimes that were besides crimes against humanity consisting of:
– carried out on 23 June 1941 in the Dobromil prison b. woj. lwowskie by NKVD officers of the killings of about 70 prisoners brought from the prison in Przemyśl, who were killed by hammering them in the head.
– carried out at night from 26 to 27 June 1941 in Lacku b. woj. lwowskie by NKVD officers of firearms killings and utilizing hammers to break stones, respective 100 prisoners brought from prison in Przemyśl, from detention in Mościska and another people, as well as prisoners of the camp in Nowy Miasto.
– carried out on the night from 26 to 27 June 1941 in the Dobromil prison b. woj. lwowskie by the operational officer of the NKVD territory Branch in Dobromil Alexander M. and another NKVD officers of firearms killings and utilizing blunt prisoner tools ranging from about 120 to about 180.
The investigation was dismissed due to the inability to establish in their course the names of the perpetrators – NKWD officers.
The IPN (Departmental Crime Investigation Commission against the Polish Nation in Warsaw) investigates the mass killings of Polish citizens – prisoners of prison in Minsk, carried out by NKVD officers, between 17 September 1939 and the end of June 1941 on the signature (S 46/05/Zk).
These murders were not a consequence of war, it was a purposeful activity, carried out with consequence and unprecedented savagery. While the German extermination was mainly directed against Jews, Gypsies and Poles, russian genocide equally included all nations that encountered the Communist russian Union.
In the summertime of 1941, on the days of retreat to the east, the NKVD drove and murdered Poles, Jews, Ukrainians, Lithuanians, Belarusians and yet Russians themselves. According to NKVD reports and papers recovered by Alexander Kokurin in Moscow, at the turn of June and July 1941, as part of the “evacuation of prisoners from the front zone”, the NKVD shot nearly 10,000 people on site.
However, Juliusz Siedlecki (“Losy of Poles in the USSR from 1939 to 1986”) estimated the number of prisoners murdered at that time to be 50,000. After June 22, 1941, the NKVD rushed to empty prisons. about 20,000 prisoners were gathered in Minsk.
Among them, the tried checklist method was selected peculiarly "dangerous" who were shot immediately. During the fortified marches, those who fell from strength were killed regardless of their origin, age and gender. Many children were among the prisoners. The Minsk-Czech way was called "the way of death".
The same murders were carried out on “evacuated” prisoners in Wilejka, Stryj, Berezwecz, Dubno. In Berdyczów, any prisoners were blown up by the NKVD along with the building. In Dubno, the weapon was fired through a window in a cell called “Judasha”. On June 23, 1941, in the Lutsk prison, the NKVD assembled prisoners in the prison courtyard, after which it opened hurricane fire with device guns. After being massacred, cars were driven, and life signs were killed.
The largest mass crime of the NKVD was committed in Lviv prisons. In Brygidki, Łącki, Zamarstynów – like in Lutsk – prisoners were pulled out of the cell and placed in front of barrels of device guns. Returning to the cell and barricaded doors were murdered with grenades thrown through windows. In June 1941, I saw on the walls of the Lvovian Brigidek a bloody mob of human brains.
Dubno, a town located in the Equatorial District. Rivne Oblast (in the times of PRL also: Parallel Oblast, is 1 of 24 circuits of Ukraine. It lies in the western part of Ukraine, at the border with Belarus. The capital of the circuit is the town of Equal.
The Ryuński Oblast borders the Żytomierski, Chmielnicki, Tarnopolski, Lviv and Volynsk Oblast and the Belarusian Brest Oblast.
The circuit was created on 4 December 1939 by a decree of the Bureau of the USSR ultimate Council from part of the territory of the Second Republic occupied by the Red Army after the September campaign.
The first mention of Dubnie dates back to the 11th century. The owners of the village were Rurykowice, then Dukes of Halicca. From 1619 Dubno shared the destiny of the Ostrog Order. (Ostrogska ordination – ancestral ordination in the Republic of Both Nations, founded in 1609 by Janusz Ostrogski).
From 1489 to 1506 Duke Konstanty Ostrogski exhibited a defensive castle, built in the 17th century. In this city, he was stationed on the 13th Regiment of Footsteps of Ostrog Order.
Between 1774 and 1794 there were large fairs in the city called "contracts", moved here from Lviv after the First Partition of Poland.
In II Rzeczpospolitej Dubno was the seat of the region in the Volyn Voivodeship, until the ZSRS aggression on Poland in 1939. In 1937, there were 15.5 1000 inhabitants in Dubno, including 45% Jews, 29% Ukrainians and 26% Poles.
In the Second Republic, since 1931, the town housed the Pontifical east Seminary. Dubno is besides the border garrison of the Polish Army. The 43rd Bayonian Legion firearm Regiment and 2nd Horse Artillery Division were stationed here.
In September 1939, Dubno was occupied by the Red Army. Shortly after the 3rd German Reich attacked the ZSRS in June 1941, the NKWD massacred prisoners held in the local castle.
June 25, 1941 to 1944 Dubno was under German occupation. During this time the Germans carried out the extermination of the judaic population of the city.
April 2, 1942, Jews were imprisoned in a ghetto of 12,000 inhabitants. The ghetto was liquidated in stages; the largest executions took place on May 27, 1942 (3.8 1000 victims).
The crimes were committed by Sicherheitsdienst of Equals with the engagement of the German police and the Ukrainian police.
In 1943, Polish refugees from the Volyn massacre evacuated Dubna. any of them, for deficiency of maintenance and under the influence of German orders, applied for forced labour in the 3rd German Reich.
Since April 1943, the city has defended the Polish police station from UPA 50-100 and the self-defense tolerated by the Germans.
February 28, 1944 The Germans evacuated the Polish residents of Dubna to Brodów, and from there they were transported to work in Germany.
In 1941, about 50,000 prisoners, citizens of the Republic, were shot close the NKVD front.
During and after planet War II, Poland lost over six million citizens murdered by both the russian Union and the Germans.
In the summertime of 1941, on the days of retreat to the East, the NKVD drove and murdered Poles, Ukrainians, Lithuanians, Belarusians and yet Russians themselves. According to the NKVD reports and papers recovered by Alexander Kokurin in Moscow at the turn of June and July 1941, as part of the “evacuation of prisoners from the front zone”, the NKVD shot nearly 10,000 people on site.
Juliusz Siedlecki (“Losy of Poles in the USSR from 1939 to 1986”) estimated the number of prisoners murdered at that time to be 50,000.
On the 53rd anniversary of the murders committed by the NKVD in Lviv prisons on 24 and 25 June 1994, mourning ceremonies were held in Lviv. An archive was besides created to evidence NKVD crimes. An exhumation was then carried out at the initiative of the Lviv Memorial.
The state prison in Dubno is located in the south-eastern part of the city. It stands on the site of the erstwhile mill. After the mill burned down, Poles utilized the remains of foundations and laid the foundation stone for the 3rd largest prison in Poland, which was planned to build according to the most modern solutions. The Polish State began construction at the end of 1935.
By the time the construction of the prison was completed and transferred as intended, this part of Poland got into the russian Union. The Soviets completed the construction of the prison, in the 4 corners of the surrounding wall they built wooden defender towers with device weapon stations and utilized the prison from December
1939 as a gathering camp for many years of forced labor, which was intended to be deported to Siberia.
Only political prisoners were held in prison, with the exception of a fewer sentenced to order punishments, who served their time, for example, due to late for work, impunctual payment of taxes, etc., and criminal prisoners who were planned to be deported were gathered in a prison in Krzemieniec. Poles managed to build on both sides of the prison 2 chapels for prisoners, which were converted by Russians into clubhouses for russian officials.
The wall surrounding the prison is mostly about 4.5 m high; all larger windows are heavy paved and have blurred windows, which prevented prisoners from looking out the window. The prison has a basement, ground floor, I and 2nd floor; besides, it has – what is fresh for Dubn – a water supply.
The level is mostly equipped with parquet. Dubno became known in the early 1940s due to the fact that there are respective water-filled targets in the basement, which were specially arranged as being utilized to extort testimony.
Each of the ‘water’ targets includes a rolling stock. Under average conditions, the water level was specified that the prisoner standing on the stool had to stand inactive in the water reaching the ankles. Moreover, depending on the needs, water could be put up to the desired height.
According to the full credible evidence of the last surviving prisoners, the stay of 1 prepared to interview a prisoner in specified a “water” cell lasted 5-7 days.
The prisoner was either ready to attest after that period, either drowned, or suffered a severe intellectual and somatic illness. Water cell methods have besides been utilized for women.
The prison was under NKVD supervision. The manager was Major NKVD, hebrew Winokur; his private secretary and a Plenipotentiary was judaic Bronstein.
The deputy manager of the prison was Viktor Czerewko, head of the NKVD in Dubno. In addition, Ivan Czelmokov, who was not an NKVD official, was inactive in the prison directorate, but a political leader in the communist party. The chief of the prison administration was a judaic female from NKWD Rachil Geifler. They had full authority over the prison.
In addition to a fewer single targets – darkrooms that are so large that the prisoner can lay in it, there were mostly large multi-person targets in prison, in which there were 30 to 40 prisoners.
On average, about 1,500 prisoners were kept in prison, of which up to 250 women and about 50 children aged 12-15 (boys and girls). Shortly before Dubn was seized by the German troops, there were about 600 arrested in prison, as 3 large transports had been carried out in Siberia.
At 1 time in this prison, up to 3,000 prisoners were appointed. The way to Siberia led through Kiev. It is impossible to find whether a shorter or longer stay took place in Kiev. Transports left regularly erstwhile a week, from Monday to Friday.
Food and care for prisoners was highly inadequate despite the existing water supply. all day for breakfast, 1/2 l of something sweetened, black malt coffee, and for already sentenced 700 g of bread, and for not yet sentenced 600 g of bread as a regular ration.
As a rule, a uncommon millet and the same for dinner were spent on dinner. If there was no lamb groats, the arrested people were given stinky fish or another unfit kitchen waste. As a result, there was nothing left to the prisoners but life due to morning. There was no uniformed prison uniform. Only those already designated for transport to Siberia received a sign – a band with a number.
In each cell there was a bucket, serving exclusively as a toilet to urinate; in addition, the prisoners were led to the paragraph erstwhile a day.
There were no bunks or hayseeds. Prisoners had to sleep on the bare floor, wrapping themselves up with their cover. In the women's ward, sanitary care was even poorer, especially as women were not issued anything during menstruation – neither cotton wool nor rags or paper.
Among those arrested were besides pregnant women. They received the same food, had to sleep besides on the bare floor, and were conducted regular erstwhile per walk for 7-10 minutes.
Only about 9-10 days before the dissolution were pregnant women directed to the infirmary ward, where they were first examined by the midwife. As early as 14 days after the dissolution, mothers and infants were re-directed to the old cells.
Regardless of the already completed withdrawal of infants from their breasts (the infants did not receive any food in prison and were sentenced exclusively to mother's milk) the mothers were then sent to Siberia, even in the event of overcrowding transport, and the children were passed to private russian homes.
According to the consistent evidence of the 3 rescued from the massacre of 24 to 25 June 1941, about 550 prisoners were murdered, including about 100 women. erstwhile the investigation resumed, it turned out that only 4 people were able to save themselves.
To present these events is accompanied by a study from the proceeding of the rescued Totar Czirwy, pastor of the Evangelical Church in Kustyń, close Rowny, and a study from the proceeding of the rescued Valentina Łepiekiewicz, residing in Rowne.
Besides these people, Peter Morosiuk, a rescued man, was questioned. His evidence coincides entirely with that of Pastor Cherva.
About 550 prisoners were murdered in the massacre of 24 to 25 June 1941, including about 100 women. To present these events is accompanied by a study from the proceeding of the rescued Totar Cherva, pastor of the Ukrainian Evangelical – Lutheran Church in Kustyń.
Cherva was the father of 3 children and a associate of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
( CNS). He was arrested in September 1940 due to belonging to the CNS as a consequence of the denunciation of a colleague, at the same time a NKVD pin and transferred to prison in Plains.
His audition was conducted in the Plain utilizing peculiar handcuffs, which on the inside were fitted with iron spikes and which, with the smallest movement of the hands, slammed into the joints; and he was beaten with a rubber stick.
The trial against him was held on 27 March1941 in the Plain, where he was sentenced to 8 years of forced labour (deport to Siberia), 5 years of civilian rights deprivation and property confiscation.
His transport to Siberia was due in June. For this reason it was delivered to Dubna. On June 21, 1941, he was already at the station in readiness to load; abruptly all prisoners were sent back to prison.
He was placed in a cell on the top level in a group of 30 political participants who were all Ukrainians, any of whom had not yet been questioned, but all were arrested due to “contra-revolutionary intentions”. On the evening of June 24, immediately after dinner, prisoners were ordered to rest, but it was recommended that they lay not as usual on both sides of the side walls, but at the window other the door.
Already half an hr later, through a gap in the door of a cell, through which food was served, a barrel of a device weapon was inserted and respective shots were fired. At the same time, the prisoners at the door wall threw themselves on the floor, so that for the gunner there was no more purpose.
Then the cell door was opened and the prison manager Major NKWD, the hebrew Winokur with a device gun, and 2 engenders, the hebrew Bronstein and Rachil Geifler with Nagan-type revolvers, who opened murderous fire to the lying on the ground.
Cherva was lucky, after being injured in the right leg he immediately fell in the corner, where respective of the people shot him also. Like him, there were 4 wounded among those who were shot, so that 4 prisoners escaped from his cell with the life of his prisoners.
When the Russians hoped that they were all killed, they blindly fired a fewer more shots, they left the cell and locked the door again. The 4 survivors managed to get out from under the bodies, clothe themselves with provisional scraps of shirts and wait all night.
However, on the early morning of June 25, the shooting began again in prison, followed by 4 hiding among the bodies again. Now there were only 2 judaic encapsulations, Bronstein and Rachil Geifler with revolvers, and they fired respective shots into a dead pile. They then retreated and relocked the cell door.
Now, with 4 remnants of strength, she ripped the radiators off the wall and hit them on the door until they subsided. In this way they broke down respective more doors to the mark so that they could save the surviving from another target. They then entered open space, crossed the prison wall, and ran in different directions.
Cherva was completely exhausted about 100 m from the edge of the rye field. Here he was found on June 26 by German soldiers.
The rescued Morosiuk was in another cell with 9 prisoners. Morosiuk has been in prison since June 15, 1941, without being questioned or informed of the grounds for his arrest. Only 2 judaic women shot in his cell; he is the only 1 saved from fellow prisoners.
The only reason he could save himself was because, after 2 shots in the leg, he pretended to be killed erstwhile the women broke off with blood on them. Thus he had to lie 2 nights and 2 days among the corpses and the repeated checks carried out by 2 judaic women. He was rescued on 26 June by German soldiers.
Valentina Łepierkiewicz's testimony
Walentyna Łepierkiewicz is simply a native Ukrainian female who married a Pole, a bookstore manager in Plains. She was arrested on 23.08.1940 with her husband by the NKVD due to the fact that a weapon was found in their apartment, which, according to their completely credible testimony, they wanted to usage against the Soviets in the German-Russian War, looking at this only anticipation of saving from russian hell.
Three months after the arrest, a trial against her husband was held in Plains, who was sentenced to 8 years of forced labour (Syberia) and was deported in early 1941. Valentina Łepiekiewicz lost all hope of always seeing her husband alive. She assumed he was dead for a long time, that he was killed by the Russians.
Even against her, she has not yet been tried, nor has she been even questioned. Today, too, she is full pleased that she has not been questioned due to the fact that she knows from her fellow prisoners that women are almost without exception raped during the hearings by commissioners or investigative judges.
She assumed that women were so intimidated, partially as a consequence of threats, partially by torture, that they never dared to defy any desire of interrogators.
Valentina Łepierkiewicz was in a cell with 8 women. On the evening of June 24, they heard gunshots and screams coming. Their hunch that they would all be murdered turned into certainty erstwhile the cell door opened and a fewer engenders entered, armed with device guns and rifles, who immediately opened fire on intimidated women, beaten in the cell corner.
Valentina Łepierkiewicz was the first female to be shot in the thigh and in the leg and immediately fell. The others fell on it. erstwhile the shooting stopped, the cell door was re-closed by the NKVD.. Then she crawled out and called on the another survivors. 2 more women surfaced, 1 somewhat injured 19-year-old Pindwiuk, who was given confusion of senses.
The wounded waited out all night. The next morning, shots were fired again. 2 judaic NKVD officials entered with rifles on which they placed bayonets. At first, 1 of the officials stabbed a small injured straight in the heart. She died instantly. erstwhile pulling bayonet, the hebrew lost this bayonet, and the another hebrew stabbed Pindwiuk, who only injured his arm and leg due to the fact that she was lying on the floor.
Suddenly, there was a sound caused by the beating of radiators in the cell door by male prisoners. Due to the hurry of the torturers, Valentina Łepierkiewicz received only 2 light bayonet punches in the neck. The cell door remained open. As a consequence of spiritual and physical weakness, both surviving women were incapable to leave the cell; especially as Pindwiuk experienced the first symptoms of beginning madness.
Thus, both women spent the full of June 25th and half the day next to the another bodies in the cell, completely exhausted and weakened by blood loss. They were delivered to a military infirmary by a German orderly.
