11 November 1918- THE DAY OF INCOME
At the time of the collapse of the partition states of Poland in 1918, on 31 October in Krakow, the Polish Elimination Commission was established, in Lviv the Interim Governing Commission was established, and before Józef Piłsudski returned
The Provisional People's Government of the Republic of Poland was created from Magdeburg to Warsaw
Olska in Lublin with Prime Minister Ignacy Daszyński, Minister of War
Edward Rydze-Śmigły and propaganda - Wacław Sieroszewski.
10 November 1918 and returning from internment of the Commandant of the First Brigade of the Polish Legions Józef Piłsudski. Warsaw and the Polish people saw a man of providence who would control the political, military situation
and economic. Immediately after the return of Józef Piłsudski from Magdeburg, the Regency Council handed him the authority over the military and offered him the creation of a government. The Polish State was created, but was as weak as the newborn
Baby. There was a truce on the West Front. Soldiers of all armies returned
Home, diplomats were preparing their speeches for the peace conference
In Versailles, and joyful burrows in various countries announced the end of the war.
This wave of peaceful emotions stopped at the borders of the reborn Poland.
The country was already free, due to the fact that the hands that oppressed him fell down powerlessly, leaving her
bleeding and exhausted. Her cities and villages ruined, the fields ravaged, the citizens
Exhausted by occupations and a war that was not their war. The state boundaries were not established, nor protected from fresh invasions of neighboring countries. Thousands of German soldiers remained on her lands, and large German armies in Russia
threatened to pass through Poland a devastating wave. Behind the West Germans
There were Bolsheviks who did not hide their desire to merge with the revolution
Communist in Germany over the corpse of Poland. In Lviv, the fighting raged
with Ukrainians. The German Żolnierski Councils ruled in Poznań. Pomerania and Silesia remained in German hands, while the Czechs threatened Cieszyn. Józef Piłsudski said at that time, "I did not dare to look pink into the future."
Władysław Studnicki wrote that Józef Piłsudski would return at the minute erstwhile he was the most necessary, erstwhile the power lay on the street, erstwhile the powerless Regency Council was just an appearance of power. After a fewer days, the Regency Council, in accordance with the common will, transferred all power to the hands of Józef Piłsudski, appointing him Chief
Yours. He became Chief of State of the will of the Nation. The issue of German soldiers on Polish lands had to be resolved quickly. In German units, Żołnierski Councils were formed, which were not only dangerous for their officers and Berlin, as a revolutionary force, but besides temporarily for Poland. Return
Józef Piłsudski became a slogan for the general disarming of Germans. The conflict was on the line. Representatives of the Military Council asked Józef Piłsudski to warrant them and their families life and freedom of return to Germany. This maneuver will be played very diplomatically. In exchange for guaranteeing a safe return to Germany, Józef Piłsudski demanded that the Germans hand over the evacuation action management to him and hand over the intact railway and communication equipment and surrender of their weapons.
After hesitation, the Soldiers' Council agreed to the conditions. "I remembered
- wrote Józef Piłsudski in his thoughts in Magdeburg - as 1 of the most annoying thoughts for me was that the occupiers could leave us without 1 locomotive and without 1 phone, making us primitive in terms of the method of life" . The next day the Chief of State went to the Council's premises
The soldier and there will give a speech, in which he said among others. "As a typical of the Polish people I declare that the Polish people
For the sins of your government, I do not want to avenge you, nor will I. Remember,
"that adequate blood has flowed, not a single drop of blood more"... During this time thousands
Poles gathered in front of the building in which the Council of Soldiers was located.
The crowd was ready to face the Germans.
When Józef Piłsudski appeared on the steps of the building, the crowd welcomed him enthusiastically.
The warden was aware of the seriousness of the situation and appealed to those gathered with a strong appeal: "In this building, the German Żołnierska Council is sitting, which took power over all German troops stationed in Warsaw. On behalf of the Polish people, I took this advice under my care. Neither 1 of them dares become the least hurt..."
The authority of the Chief of State relieved the tension. During the week, German forces left Warsaw without major incidents. The creation of the first cabinet of the Chief of State entrusted Ignacy Daszyński.
DAszyŃSKI IGNAS
Ignacy Ewarist Daszyński (born 26 October 1866 in Zbaraz, born 31 October 1936 in Bystre Śląska close Bielska) is simply a Polish socialist politician, associate of the home of Members of Reichsrat Prelitavia, Prime Minister of the Lublin Government in 1918, journalist, co-founder of the Polish Social Democratic organization (PPSD), later PPS,
in 1929, 1 of the founders of Centrolev. During the May coup in 1926, he supported Józef Piłsudski, but later moved on to the opposition. Marshal of the Sejm from 1928 to 1930.
In his conspiracy and public works he utilized aliases: "Daszek", "Żegota" and "Ignis".
Many wanted to advise Joseph Piłsudski and not a smaller group to harm. Prime Minister Ignacy Daszyński proved besides left-wing for centre and right-wing environments. Ignacy Daszyński resigned and on 18 November the Chief of State entrusted the creation of the government of Jędrzej Moraczewski.
The fresh Prime Minister introduced bold reforms: an 8-hour working day and a 46-hour working week and many another bold legal moves. These reforms took distant the utmost left-wing propaganda assets. At the end of November, electoral ordination was ready. At the end of November, the Warden of the State had about 30,000 soldiers, a fewer weeks later 80 thousand, and at the beginning of 1919 more than 100 thousand.
At the end of 1919 - 700,000. To make it an organizational, propaganda phenomenon
and social, which shows that the Polish people can respond to the call of time, and who called him was Józef Piłsudski in all his activities.
While the influx of volunteers into the army was a very affirmative phenomenon, the deficiency of all military equipment spent your sleep with your eyelids. Calling Poland to service for the general good has sparked a sense of patriotism in all social groups. The rabble was unusual, but problems did not decrease, but grew larger and new. In Lviv, fights continued since 1 November 1918 with Ukrainians.
After intervention from Krakow and Przemyśl on November 22 Ukrainian troops were
Rejected. In the south, the case of Cieszynsk Silesia became a conflict.
In Lithuania and Belarus, Bolsheviks followed the retreating Germans.
On 26 December 1918, Ignacy Paderewski arrived in Poznań. His visit turned into a manifestation of Polishness throughout Wielkopolska, which gave emergence to the outbreak of the anti-German uprising. For political reasons, the warden could not give open support to the insurgents. He approved military aid under General Joseph Dowbor-Muoenicki as commander, and Colonel Julian Stachevicz as chief of staff.
JÓZEF DOWBOR - MUSIC
Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki (born 25 October 1867 in Garbów, born 26 October 1937 in Batorów) is simply a Polish military general, Lieutenant General of the Russian Empire Army and Lieutenant General of the Polish Army. From 1917 to 1918, he was the commander of the 1st Polish Corps in Russia, from 1918 to 1919, the chief commander of the Polish Armed Forces in the erstwhile Prussian partition.
JULIAN STACHIEWICZ
Julian Stachiewicz, pp. “Wicz” (born 26 July 1890 in Lviv, born 20 September 1934 in Warsaw) is simply a Polish military historian, Brigadier General of the Polish Army.
Help for the insurgents was discreet, but with a large military contribution.
The Wielkopolska Uprising went back to past as a victorious one.
A right-wing coup was held in Warsaw from 4 to 5 January 1919. Bombers in persons: Colonel Marian Januszajtis, Marian Zdzechowski
and Eustache Sapieha were detained after a verbal reprimand released into their homes. The assassination strengthened the position of Chief of State Józef Piłsudski
and on 16 January 1919 he established a fresh government with Ignacy Paderewski at the head. This was a unique decision of the State politician out of any political speculation, and guided only by the Polish state reason. Ignacy Paderewski as Prime Minister and Minister of abroad Affairs was the head of the Polish delegation for the peace conference, which had just begun its gathering in Versailles. Ignacy Paderewski and Roman Dmowski as the main representatives of the Polish National Committee operating in Paris were very celebrated in the west, in the Polish and diplomatic environments of the west. The large work done by the full delegation in Versailles is ordered to bow before them. Their merit was besides the creation of the Blue Army of General Joseph Haller in France, which at the beginning
1919 she came to Poland and was part of the Polish army. The Versal arrangements did not resolve many issues due to the fact that our delegation was pushed by Poland's top enemy - British Prime Minister Loyd George, who by his trick dragged to his
President Wilson's website. In this complicated situation many Polish matters
was determined over the Vistula.
The Association of Józef Piłsudski "Sagittarius Eagle", is affiliated with the Polish National Union in Canada
SURVEILLANCE AND REASON
The coup d'état in Poland in 1919 (the attack of Januszajtis, the coup of Januszajtis) – an unsuccessful coup d'état carried out on the night of 4 January 1919 by the right-wing communities, which aimed to overthrow the government of Jędrzej Moraczewski. The initiators included Colonel Marian Januszajtis-Żegota and Duke of Eustachy Sapieha.
Causes of State SURVEILLANCE
The creation by Józef Piłsudski, contrary to the resignation promise of creating a Government of National Unity, a left-wing government consisting of representatives of the PPS and PSL “Deliverance” with Jędrzej Moraczewski as Prime Minister.
Socialist changes made by the Moraczewski government, including the formation of the State People's Militia, the establishment of the region Commissioners of the People's Government.
The "bottom-up" movements made by the above-mentioned commissioners, manifested among others by mass replacement of state coats with an eagle without a crown, removing crosses from the walls of state buildings.
Growing in the society of revolutionary sentiments, the silence of the authorities in a increasing number of examples of private property theft (unlawful removal of factories by workers, expulsion of farm owners by peasants).
SITUATION IDEA
The thought was born in military environments. This may be due to the fact that there were no legionary troops in the Warsaw garrison during this period and the deficiency of assurance of officers in the Warden of the State. The political committee formed in the conspiracy consisted mainly of representatives of conservative environments and endings, and was headed by Marian Januszajtis-Żegota, Tadeusz Dymowski, Jerzy Zdziechowski, Witold Zawadzki, Eustachy Sapieha. KP's post included, among others, the establishment of the Government of National Unity with Ignacy Paderewski as Prime Minister, the establishment of Józef Haller Chief Executive.
I'm sorry.
The coup began on 4 January 1919 at 23:00 in Warsaw. The conspirators sent a company of subsidiaries and National defender formations to town. They divided their forces into 3 groups:
The first 1 to which the conspiracy leaders belonged was occupied by the Town Hall in Saski Square (today: Piłsudski Square)[citation needed] with the intention of establishing a command center there. In the absence of Roman Dmowski and General Haller in Poland (both in France participated in talks on the form of the Treaty of Versailles), Sapieha and Januszajtis-Żegota announced taking over the country. They besides decided to send General Stanislaw Szeptycki and 21 in support of the coup. The Infantry Regiment on a reconnaissance mission. Having learned from an escaped officer from City Hall about the situation there, he himself got into the hands of a group of rebels to be subsequently released by his soldiers. After reaching the Town Hall, General Szeptycki was not in the temper to support the coup. As the highest ranking officer, he took command of 21. The Infantry Regiment and ordered him to environment the Town Hall. The leaders of the game in the face of the siege and the failure of the main force to support them and seal the triumph decided to capitulate.
The second group was assigned to take hostages, which were ministers of the Government of Jędrzej Moraczewski. Finally, the group's actions can be considered a success. As a consequence of her actions, Prime Minister J. Moraczewski, Minister of External Affairs L. Wasilewski and Minister of the Interior of S. Thugutt, who was originally planned to be murdered, were captured.
The 3rd group was intended to capture the politician of the State, Józef Piłsudski himself. A column of members of the defender attempted to take over Belvedere, the erstwhile office of the Chief of State, or Piłsudski, whom they were going to arrest; the members of the formation only stopped at the attitude armed with device guns and prepared to open fire safety troops[1].
TERMINATION OF STATE SURVEILLANCE
The coup ended without a fight with the surrender of the assassins. Józef Piłsudski decided to embarrass the bombers and alternatively of making them martyrs, he conned them and let them go.
SURVEILLANCE
Most of the officers active in the assassination remained in the army.
On 16 January Piłsudski forced the Moraczewski government to resign; Prime Minister Ignacy Jan Paderewski, appointed by the Chief of State, formed a supraparty government.
Eustachy Sapieha became Ambassador to London in June 1919.
Marian Żegota-Januszajtis was transferred to remainder and returned to active service as early as the Bolshevik War.
"Józef Piłsudski road to independence" Aleksander Szumański
